Wi-Fi access points
Introduction
A wireless access point (in English: wireless access point, known by the acronym WAP or AP), in a computer network, is a network device that interconnects wireless communication equipment, to form a wireless network that interconnects mobile devices or wireless network cards.
They are devices that are configured in wireless networks that are intermediaries between a computer and a network (Internet or local). They make it easier to connect several client machines without the need for a cable (greater portability of the equipment) and for them to have a connection without limiting their bandwidth so much.[1].
WAPs are devices that allow the connection of a mobile computing device (computer, tablet "Tablet (computer)", smartphone) with a network. Typically, a WAP can also connect to a wired network, and can transmit data between devices connected to the wired network and wireless devices.
WAPs have IP addresses assigned to them in order to be configured.
Many WAPs can connect to each other to form an even larger network, allowing for roaming.
Before wireless networks, creating a computer network (in a business, home, or school) often required running many cables through walls and ceilings in order to provide network access to all network-enabled devices in the building. With the creation of WAP, users with network connectivity can now add devices that access the network with few or no cables.
An AP typically connects directly to a wired Ethernet connection, and the AP then provides wireless connections using radio frequency links to other devices to use that wired connection.
Most APs support connecting multiple wireless devices to a wired connection.
Modern APs are built to support a standard for sending and receiving data using these radio frequencies. These standards and the frequencies they use are defined by the IEEE. Most APs use the IEEE 802.11 standards.
On the other hand, a network where client devices manage themselves (without the need for an access point) becomes an ad hoc network.
Features
Generally, APs' main function is to allow connectivity with the network, delegating the task of routing and addressing to servers, routers and switches. Most APs follow the IEEE 802.11 communication standard, allowing compatibility with a wide variety of wireless equipment. Some computers include tasks such as configuring routing, port forwarding, security, and user management. These functions respond to a previously established configuration. By strengthening interoperability between servers and APs, improvements can be achieved in the service they offer, for example, dynamic response to network changes and device configuration adjustments.