Urban topographic architecture plan
Introduction
The Jaussely Plan was a project to adapt the urban planning of Barcelona defined in the Cerdá Plan in order to fit the plot of the Barcelona expansion with the original layouts of the towns that surrounded the city of Barcelona. Léon Jaussely's proposal was the winner of the competition that the Barcelona City Council held in 1903. The final result of the plan was delivered by Jaussely in 1907.[1].
Background
The Cerdá Plan approved in 1859 drew the "Unlimited Ensanche" taking into account the topographic ease of the Barcelona plain, although it did not contemplate how the orthogonal plot would be linked when it reached the streets of the towns that surrounded Barcelona and that responded to a design conditioned by the roads and with basically annular growth. The development of the Ensanche forced adjustments to be made in the union of its homogeneous fabric with the old urban centers and required coordinated action between these plan municipalities in fiscal and planning matters. In 1897 its aggregation took place into a "greater Barcelona", which would entail the progressive extension of infrastructure and services (transport, electricity, gas) from the center to the periphery.[1].
This planning instrument reached its limit at the end of the century as a consequence of two parallel phenomena: the formation of a reformist consciousness regarding the impact of industrial development on the habitability conditions of the city and the progressive consolidation of political Catalanism among the industrial bourgeoisie, which finds its main artistic and intellectual expression in modernism.
In this sense, Puig i Cadafalch, one of Cerdá's greatest detractors, stated in La Veu de Catalunya how the egalitarian homogeneity of Cerdá's plot contradicted the desire to provide certain spaces or institutions in the city with special representativeness. The city was beginning to aspire to a capital status that it had not had in centuries, and that imposed a new urbanism and a new architecture. Paris was the most immediate reference regarding the desired monumental or institutional planning and the new European urban planning theories on the segregation of uses (industry, commerce/services, leisure and residence) offered solutions to the compatibility of the city with industry.[1].