Urban observatory planning
Introduction
The architecture of Mesopotamia refers to the most common constructions developed in the Tigris River basin since the settlement of the first settlers around the 7th millennium BC. C. until the fall of the last Mesopotamian State, Babylon.
The Mesopotamians built without mortar, and when a building was no longer safe or did not fulfill its purpose it was torn down and rebuilt on the same site, or filled in and built on top. Over the millennia, this practice resulted in Mesopotamian cities being elevated on gentle hills above the territory that surrounded them; These promontories are called tells.
They used very little stone and wood since they could only be obtained from neighboring countries. The soil is clayey, muddy, and this led them to use mud as the main construction material. First they used it in blocks or adobes of clay with a mixture of straw and placed them moistened so that it dried the entire wall. Then, they dried them in the sun, adobe by adobe. They later invented pure clay bricks, placed in the oven; and, later, to better preserve them from humidity, they subjected them to the enamelling and glazing procedure.
The bricks in the walls were joined with lime or asphalt, and for the roof, they replaced the Egyptian lintel system with the vault made up of adjoining semicircular arches.
Construction
Contenido
Fuese cual fuese el sistema constructivo elegido, ni en el centro ni en el sur de Mesopotamia se utilizaron cimientos, dado lo pantanoso de los terrenos.[1].
Vaulted system
Mesopotamian architecture has gone down in history as a system of load-bearing walls. They used arches and vaults that they built without falsework, leveling the bricks so that they would not fall when placed, or filling the space between two adobe walls until the vault was finished; This system gave rise to long, narrow spaces. For this they used brick, which they invented like the arch, and adobe. They glazed the bricks for grand occasions, and composed mosaics painted in bright colors. The load-bearing walls did not allow windows, and the light was from above.