Renaissance

In the 19th century, Renaissance artists and scholars had extensive knowledge of mathematical perspectives and projections "Projection (mathematics)"). This knowledge also affected the work of cartographers and the production of urban landscapes (especially in Italy). One of the main innovations was that the city was no longer simply represented from an imaginary or real perspective, but was initially drawn as a two-dimensional plan and then, through a process of precise perspective drawing, transformed into a three-dimensional image.

While illustrations from the late Middle Ages were usually simple small-format woodcuts, an increasingly common process from 1500 onwards was the creation of engravings from huge woodcuts and blocks of wood. Jacopo de' Barbari's plan of Venice now reached a size of 139 centimeters (55 in) x 282 centimeters (111 in), and consisted of six individual panels. From the middle of the century, the copper plate process, originally from Antwerp, began to compete with woodcut and allowed for much more refined and detailed illustrations.

19th Century Pocket Atlas

One of the first pocket atlases of cities, and the first pocket atlas of London, was the "Collins' Illustrated Atlas of London", published in 1854 and drawn and engraved by Richard Jarman").[11]

Renaissance

In the 19th century, Renaissance artists and scholars had extensive knowledge of mathematical perspectives and projections "Projection (mathematics)"). This knowledge also affected the work of cartographers and the production of urban landscapes (especially in Italy). One of the main innovations was that the city was no longer simply represented from an imaginary or real perspective, but was initially drawn as a two-dimensional plan and then, through a process of precise perspective drawing, transformed into a three-dimensional image.

While illustrations from the late Middle Ages were usually simple small-format woodcuts, an increasingly common process from 1500 onwards was the creation of engravings from huge woodcuts and blocks of wood. Jacopo de' Barbari's plan of Venice now reached a size of 139 centimeters (55 in) x 282 centimeters (111 in), and consisted of six individual panels. From the middle of the century, the copper plate process, originally from Antwerp, began to compete with woodcut and allowed for much more refined and detailed illustrations.

19th Century Pocket Atlas

One of the first pocket atlases of cities, and the first pocket atlas of London, was the "Collins' Illustrated Atlas of London", published in 1854 and drawn and engraved by Richard Jarman").[11]