Urban biodiversity sanctuaries
Introduction
A nature reserve or ecological reserve is a semi-protected area, of importance for wildlife, flora or fauna, or with geological features of special interest that is protected and managed by humans, for conservation purposes and to provide research and educational opportunities.
History
The first country in the world to have a natural sanctuary was Sri Lanka, the year when King Devanampiya Tissa ordered in the century BC. C. the protection of wildlife around the town of Mihintale. However, since ancient times there have been cultural practices that amounted to the establishment and maintenance of areas reserved for biota, including fish, waterfowl or other animals. There may have been religious reasons as in the “cursed forests” of some regions of Africa where human beings should not go under penalty of attacks by spirits. There have also been sacred taboos prohibiting the entry of human beings into given places. Such prohibitions exist in various places around the world.
In modern times Drachenfels is considered to have been the first nature reserve. Prussia bought the land in 1836 to put an end to the mining that was taking place in the area. The first large nature reserve was the Yellowstone National Park (United States) in 1872, followed by the Royal National Park near Sydney, Australia and the Nahuel Huapi National Park (Argentina) created in 1903, then the Il'menskii zapovednik of the Soviet Union was created in 1920. This is the first of its kind as it is a reserve created by a federal government for the scientific study of nature (Weiner, Douglas. 1988. Models of Nature: University of Pittsburgh Press. Page 29).
Nature reserves in various countries
Contenido
Las reservas naturales son designadas por instituciones gubernamentales en algunos países, tal como National Nature Reserve") del Reino Unido o por organizaciones sin fines de lucro o instituciones investigadoras de diversos países independientemente de los gobiernos. Se las divide en diversas categorías según el grado de protección otorgado por las leyes locales. En el Ecuador existen mucha reservas ecológicas ya que es unos de los países como megadiversidad ejemplo de una de las reservas ecológica es la del Yasuní I.T.T.