Universal design theory
Introduction
Universal design is a relatively new design paradigm, which directs its actions to the development of products and environments that are easily accessible to the greatest number of people possible, without the need to adapt or redesign them in a special way. The concept arises from barrier-free design, accessible design and assistive support technology.[1] Unlike these concepts, universal design reaches all aspects of accessibility, and is aimed at all people, including people with disabilities. Solve the problem with a holistic vision, starting from the idea of human diversity. In addition, it takes into account the way in which the product is sold and the product image, so that, in addition to being accessible, they can be sold and attract the entire range of consumers.
The purpose of universal design is to simplify the performance of everyday tasks by making products, services, and environments easier for everyone to use and effortlessly. Universal design, then, benefits all people of all ages and abilities.
Principles of universal design
Some authors, a group of architects, product designers, engineers and environmental design researchers have collaborated to establish the following principles of universal design, as guidance in a range of design disciplines, including environment, products and communications:[2].
In July 2015, the Graphic Design Unit of the UN Department of Public Information in New York designed a new accessibility symbol. The figure, with open arms, symbolizes inclusion for people regardless of their abilities.
The accessibility logo was created to represent “accessibility,” including the accessibility of information, services, communication technologies, as well as physical access.
The greatest strength of this symbol is to make the concept “accessibility” independent and not associate it with a figure that we naturally associate with “disability.”
Universal design and social inclusion
Universal design is an essential part of the strategy to achieve a society in which all people can participate. A model of society that is being redefined based on the inclusion of all and that derives, to a large extent, from reflection on the way that society wants to welcome the person in all their diversity. One ingredient of this diversity is disability. In this social model, the values of equal opportunities and respect for the rights of all prevail.