tractor project
Introduction
The Machine and Tractor Stations or Tractor and Machinery Station (in Russian: , MTS) were a type of state agricultural enterprise that operated in the Soviet Union and other socialist countries, which was responsible for the provision of technical assistance, maintenance and organization of agricultural machinery for large producing collectives (kolkhozes, farmhouses and agricultural cooperatives).
They played an important role in the organization of the collective farms, and in the creation of their material base. The machinery stations were dissolved in 1958, the MTS was responsible for the maintenance and repair of tractors, combines, and agricultural machinery, and lent them for rent to collective farm members.
History
In the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
The first tractors appeared at the end of the 1920s. The MTS was established as a management body for the scarce agricultural machinery and technical personnel. The first MTS -MTS Shevchenkivska- is considered to have been established in 1927 on the territory of the current Odessa Oblast, in the then Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. On June 5, 1929, the Labor and Defense Council accepted the decision to implement the system throughout the USSR. This system allowed a high level of maintenance and access for collective farms to machinery without the need for investment. The seasons were important in the implementation of the process of collectivization of the land.
The main units of an MTS were the "tractor brigades" and "automobile brigades", which carried out their corresponding agricultural work. This service was paid with a part of the farm's production (in 1933 20%), which was called naturoplata.
They were dissolved in 1958-1959, the machinery being handed over directly to the collective farms. The facilities were transformed into "technical repair stations." In 1972 they were converted into regional associations Seljoztéjnika ("Agricultural Machinery").
In post-Soviet Russia, the use of a system similar to MTS has been proposed to support the work of small independent farmers.