Tidal energy infrastructure
Introduction
tidal energy, also known as tidal energy, is the energy obtained by taking advantage of the tides: through the use of an alternator the system can be used to generate electricity, thus transforming the tidal energy into electrical energy, a safer and more usable form of energy. It is a type of renewable energy, since the primary energy source is not exhausted by its exploitation, and it is clean since no gaseous, liquid or solid polluting byproducts are produced in the energy transformation. However, the relationship between the amount of energy that can be obtained with current means and the economic and environmental cost of installing the devices for its process have prevented a notable implementation of this type of energy.
Other ways of extracting energy from the sea are: waves (wave energy), from the temperature difference between the surface and the deep waters of the ocean, the oceanic thermal gradient; of salinity, ocean currents or offshore wind energy.
In Spain, the Government of Cantabria and the Institute for Energy Diversification and Savings (IDAE) want to create an R&D center on the coast of Santoña. The plant could serve the annual domestic consumption of about 2,500 homes.[1].
Methods to generate electrical energy
Tidal Current Generator
Tidal stream generators (or TSGs) make use of the kinetic energy of moving water to power turbines, similar to the wind (moving air) used by wind turbines. This method is gaining market share due to lower costs.
Tidal dams
Tidal dams make use of the potential energy that exists in the difference in height (or head loss) between high and low tides. Dams are essentially levees across the width of an estuary, and suffer from high civil infrastructure costs, a global shortage of viable sites, and environmental issues.
Dynamic tidal energy
Dynamic tidal energy is a theoretical generation technology that exploits the interaction between kinetic and potential energies in tidal currents.