Theory of visual perception
Introduction
Visual perception is an active process with which the brain can transform the light information captured by the eye into a recreation of external reality. "Visual perception is the interpretation or discrimination of external visual stimuli related to the prior knowledge and emotional state of the individual." It is the ability to interpret information and the environment from the effects of visible light (optical effect) that reaches the eye. This perception is also known as vision. The different physiological components involved in this are referred to together as the visual system, and are the basis of research in psychology, cognitive science, neuroscience and molecular biology.
Visual perception is an active process with which the brain can transform the light information captured by the eye into a recreation of external reality.
The stimulus belongs to the outside world and produces a first effect in the chain of knowledge; Just like the cold, the heat, the hard, the gelatinous, the red, the white is of a qualitative order. On the other hand, it is any physical, mechanical, thermal, chemical or electromagnetic energy that causes the activation of a sensory receptor. This perception belongs to the individual inner world, to the interpretation process of the human being and to the knowledge of things.
From the neuropsychological approach, perception is defined as a cortical process that results from a subjective sensory experience which is potentially significant or recognizable.[1] Therefore, the concept of visual perception will refer to the ability to recognize objects based on their shape, pattern and color.[2].
Visual Perception Process
For human beings, seeing is a fairly simple process, just opening your eyes is enough to be flooded by shapes, colors, space and movement. Perception consists of light energy for the formation of mental images, which are the only thing that is perceived in this entire process.
The Mental Image
Regarding vision, an object is captured due to electromagnetic waves spread by a light source that bounces off it to reach the retina, then the cones and rods are stimulated by that electrical signal and sent through the optic nerve to the brain. When the information reaches the primary visual cortex, it is processed in parallel with other areas so that the mental image is formed, what is actually seen.