The theater of Epidaurus is an ancient theater in Epidaurus (Argolis) built in the century BC. C.,[1]​ around 350 BC. C., to host the Asclepeia, a competition in honor of the medical god Asclepius. It is the model of numerous Greek theaters and, surely, the most iconic of them all and considered the most acoustically perfect.[2]​.

Due to its exceptional architecture and aesthetics, the theater was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list in 1988 along with the sanctuary.[3]​.

At the beginning of the century BC. C., a Panhellenic festival took place every four years in Epidaurus, in the sanctuary of Asclepius, the Asclepeia, in which gymnastic and musical events were combined.

It is likely that the theater was the work of the architect and sculptor Polykleitos the Younger[4]​ who placed it 500 m southeast of the sanctuary of Asclepius, on a place that allowed the koilon (set of steps) to be attached to the side of the hill. The work began around the year 330 BC. c.

The theater and sanctuary are known to have been sacked in 267 AD. C. by the Heruli, and later in 395 AD. C. by the Goths of Alaric I. However, the damage was limited. Of all the ancient theaters, the theater of Epidaurus is the best preserved and has been little restored.

Until the beginning of the 19th century, the theater was considered extinct. Later, the English traveler W. Gell revealed the plan of the ruins. Near this mythical place, in the city of Epidaurus, the first Greek revolutionary government was established in 1822 and the first Greek Constitution was signed, proclaiming the independence of Greece.

The building could accommodate, after the construction of an embankment and additional stands, 12,000 spectators. It is made up of a circular orchestra (the scene) of clay almost 25 m in diameter, surrounded by an ultra-semicircular stand,[5]​ divided into two levels by a gallery, the diazoma.[5]​ The lower level has 32 rows of stands, divided into 12 triangular sections (kerkides) by 11 stairs. The upper level has 20 rows of bleachers and 22 kerkides. The stands still largely exist. The building in the scene is made of stone and has one floor, with two side exits provided with doors.[5]​ Of the scene, only the foundations remain.[6]​.