The Fronton (Evolution)
Introduction
Frontón (augmentative of "front"—"front "Front (anatomy)")"—) is the triangular or curved finish of a facade, a porch, a door or a window.[1] It is also called "frontis" or "frontispiece", although these terms are more generic, usually referring to a complete facade.[2].
It is an architectural element of classical origin that consists of the section of a gable roof, framed by cornices (two inclined and one horizontal) and arranged on the entablature (which in turn rests on the "Column (architecture)" columns). Its inner part is called the eardrum "Eardrum (architecture)").[3].
It is found in classical architecture, notably in Greek and Roman temples, where it served as a background for the placement of sculptural groups showing scenes from Greek or Roman mythology. The main example was the Parthenon on the Acropolis of Athens.
As an architectural element it was again widely used in Renaissance, Baroque and Neoclassical architecture. It was often accompanied by tondos or medallions located in the middle of the pediment.
As a decorative element in small temples, the pediment was located above the entrance and was called naiskos or aedicula. They are frequently found in funerary architecture.
Types of pediment
[4].
References
- [1] ↑ Etimología y acepción 6 Real Academia Española. «frontón». Diccionario de la lengua española (23.ª edición).: https://dle.rae.es/front%C3%B3n
- [2] ↑ "Frontis (acortamiento de frontispicio): Fachada o frontispicio de un edificio o de otra cosa / Muro del frontón o trinquete contra el que se lanza la pelota". Real Academia Española. «frontis». Diccionario de la lengua española (23.ª edición). "Frontispicio, del latín tardío frontispicium: Fachada o delantera de un edificio, mueble u otra cosa. / Página de un libro anterior a la portada, que suele contener el título y algún grabado o viñeta. / Cara / Frontón (remate triangular de una fachada) Real Academia Española. «frontispicio». Diccionario de la lengua española (23.ª edición).: https://dle.rae.es/frontis
- [3] ↑ "Espacio triangular que queda entre las dos cornisas inclinadas de un frontón y la horizontal de su base". Acepción 5 Real Academia Española. «tímpano». Diccionario de la lengua española (23.ª edición).: https://dle.rae.es/t%C3%ADmpano
- [4] ↑ Diccionario enciclopédico popular ilustrado Salvat (1906-1914).