Study Model
Introduction
A mockup is a real-size or scale model of an object, artifact or building, made with materials designed to show its functionality, volumetry, internal or external mechanisms or to highlight what, once built or manufactured, will present as an innovation or improvement. This functional assembly, commonly used in manufacturing and design, serves for demonstration, design evaluation and promotion, among other purposes. It is considered a prototype if it provides at least part of the functionality of a system and allows for design testing.[1] Mockups are used by designers primarily to receive feedback from users. Mockups help prevent mistakes based on the popular idea "You can fix it now in the drawing with an eraser or later in the work with a hammer."[2].
Origins
The model used in wartime
The Romans used the maps drawn by their cartographers when making decisions when invading territories. It can be said that the map is a model of how the territories are arranged in the political administration of governments. The map as such can be represented at different scales, the real one being a boundary of areas based on natural or artificial references (Berlin Wall, Chinese Wall, granite piles as a reference, etc.). Knowledge of the environment was not new: Hannibal used it to reconquer Spain. In the Battle of Thermopylae, the Spartan army, highly professionalized in the art of war, used perfect geographical knowledge as a strategy to put an end to the invasion attempt by the Persian army. All of this was recreated in the model of the strategists who commanded the attacks. But it was in the Napoleonic era when the model concept took on primary relevance. Napoleon, as a strategist, recreated war scenarios on boards with reliefs, using the science of cartography and geography to represent natural reliefs and how to take advantage of them for the conquest of territories.
During World War II, the Allies used full-scale models of inflatable or lightweight tanks and vehicles in order to deceive the enemy to distract their ground bombing attacks, wasting their bombs on targets of no military or strategic value.