Storage in Modular Containers
Introduction
A container[1] is a cargo container for maritime or river transport, land transport and multimodal transport. These are watertight units that protect goods from the weather and are manufactured in accordance with ISO regulations (International Organization for Standardization), specifically ISO-668;[2] for this reason, they are also known as ISO containers.
Containers can be used to transport bulky or heavy objects: engines, machinery, small vehicles, etc., or palletized merchandise. Less common are those that transport bulk cargo. The dimensions of the container are standardized to facilitate handling; It is frequently 6 meters long (20 feet).
The containers are mainly made of Corten steel, but there are also aluminum and some plywood reinforced with fiberglass. In most cases, the floor is made of wood, although there are some made of bamboo. Inside they have a special anti-humidity coating to prevent moisture during travel. Another defining characteristic of the containers is the presence, in each of their corners, of accommodations for the twistlocks, which allow them to be hooked by special cranes, as well as lashing them on both ships and trucks. In addition, the containers are sealed during the journey.
The first transport of goods with containers was on April 26, 1956. It was carried out by Malcom McLean who made the journey from New York to Houston.[3].
Types of maritime containers
There are different types of containers:
The establishment of a series of new measures such as the Eurocontainer, suitable for European pallets, or Europalets (pallets 80 cm wide by 120 cm long), is being studied, but it is far from being a standard, given that container ships are prepared for the containers mentioned above.
Container dimensions
There are different measurements for containers varying in length and height:.
The most used worldwide are the 20 and 40 foot long equipment, with an approximate internal volume of 32.6 m³ and 66.7 m³ respectively. Container identification marks are regulated by ISO 6346.
In Europe the most used are the standards of 20 and 40 feet long.