Stakeholder plan
Introduction
In a project, the stakeholders are any individual, group or organization that is part of or affected by it, obtaining some benefit or harm.[1] Every organization has its interested parties, also known as interest groups or publics of interest.[2] The English term stakeholder is often directly adopted.
Each of the interested parties can influence the project, either directly or indirectly. For example, one of the interested parties is the customer.
In a project there is a difference between active and passive stakeholders. The active ones are those who work directly on the project (e.g. team members) and who are directly influenced (e.g. clients, suppliers...). Active stakeholders are normally subdivided as follows:
Passive stakeholders are only indirectly affected by project management and its consequences (e.g. interest groups, people who live near a project under construction, family members, etc.).
The differentiation between active and passive stakeholders serves structuring and supports the analysis process and the identification process.[3].
Some important factors are your strength (power of influence) and your focus (position).[3] Finally, you will develop a strategy according to the most important stakeholders, so that you know approximately how they will tend to respond, and thus you can gain their trust and support. To do this, it is possible to create a map of interested parties.[4].
This procedure can also be useful in the case of creating new companies.[6]
The result of the stakeholder analysis is the basis for the communication plan.[3].
According to the publication Managing Successfull Programmes of the United Kingdom Government Office of Commerce, this procedure involves six phases:
Stakeholder Management
Good stakeholder management is the key to ensuring the success of any project. To do this, once the stakeholders have been identified, they must be managed in each phase of the project. First of all, it is important to involve them in the scope of the project, identifying possible solutions to the organizational problem that it entails. As the project progresses, it is important to develop a communication strategy and plan that identifies how, when and what to communicate to each stakeholder group. Part of this involves project reporting, which will vary in content and level of detail for each group.