The Segovia Aqueduct is an aqueduct that brought water to the Spanish city of Segovia until 1973.[1] Its construction dates back to the beginning of the century AD. C., at the end of the reign of Emperor Trajan or the beginning of Hadrian, during the Roman Empire. The most visible part, and therefore famous, is the archway that crosses the Plaza del Azoguejo.
In 1884 it was declared a national monument,[2]
therefore it is an Asset of Cultural Interest "Asset of cultural interest (Spain)") with the category of Monument "Monument (historical heritage of Spain)").[3]
In 1985 it was declared a world heritage site along with the ancient city.
Description
Contenido
El acueducto de Segovia conduce las aguas del manantial de la Fuenfría, situado en la sierra cercana a 17 kilómetros de la ciudad, en un paraje denominado La Acebeda "La Acebeda (Segovia)"). Recorre más de antes de llegar a la ciudad. El agua se recoge primeramente en una cisterna conocida con el nombre de "El Caserón", para ser conducida a continuación por un canal de sillares hasta una segunda torre (llamada Casa de Aguas), donde se decanta y desarena, para continuar su camino. Después recorre (con una pendiente de un 1 %)[4] hasta lo alto del Postigo (el espolón rocoso sobre el que se asentaba la ciudad en torno al Alcázar). Antes, en la plaza de Día Sanz, hace un brusco giro y se dirige hacia la plaza del Azoguejo, donde salva la depresión con una arquería, que presenta todo el esplendor del monumento. En la parte más elevada mide (con cerca de de cimientos) y tiene dos órdenes de arcos "Arco (arquitectura)") sobre pilares. En total, tiene 167 arcos.[5].
The archery
From the arrival to the city to the Plaza de Día Sanz there are 75 simple arches and then 44 double order arches (that is, 88 arches), followed by another four simple arches. In the first sector of the aqueduct there are 36 pointed arches, rebuilt in the century to restore the part destroyed by the Muslims in the year 1072. On the upper floor, the arches have a light "Light (engineering)") of , with the pillars of lower height and thickness than those on the lower floor. The finish is an attic through which the water channel runs (with a U-shaped section of ). On the lower floor, the arches have a light that oscillates around them and the pillars decrease their section in a staggered manner from bottom to top, adapting the lower floor to the unevenness of the terrain; At the crown it has a section of , while at the base they reach .
Segovia Aqueduct
Introduction
The Segovia Aqueduct is an aqueduct that brought water to the Spanish city of Segovia until 1973.[1] Its construction dates back to the beginning of the century AD. C., at the end of the reign of Emperor Trajan or the beginning of Hadrian, during the Roman Empire. The most visible part, and therefore famous, is the archway that crosses the Plaza del Azoguejo.
In 1884 it was declared a national monument,[2]
therefore it is an Asset of Cultural Interest "Asset of cultural interest (Spain)") with the category of Monument "Monument (historical heritage of Spain)").[3]
In 1985 it was declared a world heritage site along with the ancient city.
Description
Contenido
El acueducto de Segovia conduce las aguas del manantial de la Fuenfría, situado en la sierra cercana a 17 kilómetros de la ciudad, en un paraje denominado La Acebeda "La Acebeda (Segovia)"). Recorre más de antes de llegar a la ciudad. El agua se recoge primeramente en una cisterna conocida con el nombre de "El Caserón", para ser conducida a continuación por un canal de sillares hasta una segunda torre (llamada Casa de Aguas), donde se decanta y desarena, para continuar su camino. Después recorre (con una pendiente de un 1 %)[4] hasta lo alto del Postigo (el espolón rocoso sobre el que se asentaba la ciudad en torno al Alcázar). Antes, en la plaza de Día Sanz, hace un brusco giro y se dirige hacia la plaza del Azoguejo, donde salva la depresión con una arquería, que presenta todo el esplendor del monumento. En la parte más elevada mide (con cerca de de cimientos) y tiene dos órdenes de arcos "Arco (arquitectura)") sobre pilares. En total, tiene 167 arcos.[5].
The archery
From the arrival to the city to the Plaza de Día Sanz there are 75 simple arches and then 44 double order arches (that is, 88 arches), followed by another four simple arches. In the first sector of the aqueduct there are 36 pointed arches, rebuilt in the century to restore the part destroyed by the Muslims in the year 1072. On the upper floor, the arches have a light "Light (engineering)") of , with the pillars of lower height and thickness than those on the lower floor. The finish is an attic through which the water channel runs (with a U-shaped section of ). On the lower floor, the arches have a light that oscillates around them and the pillars decrease their section in a staggered manner from bottom to top, adapting the lower floor to the unevenness of the terrain; At the crown it has a section of , while at the base they reach .
It is built with granite blocks laid without mortar between them. In Roman times, above the three tallest arches there was a cartouche with bronze letters stating the date and the builder. Also at the top you can see two niches, one on each side of the aqueduct. It is known that in one of them was the image of Hercules who, according to one of the legends, was the founder of the city. In the times of the Catholic Monarchs, the image of the Virgin of Carmen was placed in those two niches (although many mistakenly believe that it is the Virgin of Fuencisla, patron saint of the city) and Saint Sebastian "Sebastián (martyr)"). However, today you can only see a resin replica of the first carving, which was replaced in 2019,[6] due to the significant deterioration that the original image presented after being outdoors for almost 500 years, even suffering some detachment.[7] The original image of the Virgin, now restored, can be seen in the Segovia Mint museum.[8] On December 4, festival of Santa Bárbara "Bárbara (saint)"), patron saint of the Artillery Corps, whose academy is in Segovia, the cadets cover the image of the Virgin with a flag. The line of arches rises organized on two floors, with a simple decoration in which simple moldings predominate, which frame and run through the building.
During the time of the Catholic Monarchs, the first major reconstruction work on the aqueduct was carried out. The prior of the nearby Jerónimos del Parral monastery, named Pedro Mesa, was in charge of the works. 36 arches were rebuilt, with great respect for the original work. Later, in the 19th century, the aforementioned statues of the Virgin of Carmen and Saint Sebastian were placed in the central niches.
The aqueduct arch is the most important architectural landmark of the city. It has remained in operation throughout the centuries and perhaps that is why it has survived to this day in perfect condition. Until almost today, it provided water to the city of Segovia, and more specifically to the Alcázar. In recent years it has suffered obvious deterioration caused mainly by environmental pollution and the granite erosion processes themselves. The vehicular traffic near the aqueduct (which still circulated between the arches until 1992) and the holding of concerts and high-volume musical activities at its feet are also facts that harm the monument.[9] To guarantee its survival, a meticulous restoration process was carried out in 1992 that lasted almost eight years, under the direction of architect Francisco Jurado.[10][11] However, it is still exposed to pollution, since traffic continues. a few meters from him.[12].
Legend
There are several legends about the construction of the Segovia aqueduct, the most popular and widespread tells that a girl climbed every day to the top of the mountain to collect water with a jug.[13] One day, fed up with that, she asked the devil to build some means so that she would not have to go up and down every day. Then, at night, the demon appeared to him and granted his wish in exchange for the fact that, if he managed to finish the aqueduct before the rooster crowed, he would have to give him his soul. The girl accepted and the demon began to build the aqueduct, at which point the girl regretted having wanted it. Just when she had one stone left to finish, the rooster crowed causing the devil's pact to fail and the girl not to lose her soul.[14] In the hole that was left is where the statue of the Virgin of Our Lady of Carmen is now placed.[15].
To reinforce the legend, the sculptor José Antonio Abella gave the Segovia City Council a statue of a modern devil. The devil has a mobile phone and is taking a selfie where he can see the aqueduct.[16] It was located in the vicinity of the aqueduct, on the San Juan slope, in the place chosen by the author for tourist purposes.[17].
• - Wikimedia Commons hosts a multimedia category on Segovia Aqueduct.
• - The Aqueduct of Segovia, article in the Universal Museum of December 1858.
• - World Monuments Fund - Segovia Aqueduct.
• - The content of this article incorporates material from an entry of the Free Universal Encyclopedia, published in Spanish under the Creative Commons Share-Alike 3.0 license.
[2] ↑ Ministerio de Fomento (20 de octubre de 1884). «Real orden de 11 de Octubre de 1884 disponiendo que el acueducto de Segovia sea declarado monumento nacional.». Gaceta de Madrid.: https://www.boe.es/datos/pdfs/BOE//1884/294/A00158-00158.pdf
It is built with granite blocks laid without mortar between them. In Roman times, above the three tallest arches there was a cartouche with bronze letters stating the date and the builder. Also at the top you can see two niches, one on each side of the aqueduct. It is known that in one of them was the image of Hercules who, according to one of the legends, was the founder of the city. In the times of the Catholic Monarchs, the image of the Virgin of Carmen was placed in those two niches (although many mistakenly believe that it is the Virgin of Fuencisla, patron saint of the city) and Saint Sebastian "Sebastián (martyr)"). However, today you can only see a resin replica of the first carving, which was replaced in 2019,[6] due to the significant deterioration that the original image presented after being outdoors for almost 500 years, even suffering some detachment.[7] The original image of the Virgin, now restored, can be seen in the Segovia Mint museum.[8] On December 4, festival of Santa Bárbara "Bárbara (saint)"), patron saint of the Artillery Corps, whose academy is in Segovia, the cadets cover the image of the Virgin with a flag. The line of arches rises organized on two floors, with a simple decoration in which simple moldings predominate, which frame and run through the building.
During the time of the Catholic Monarchs, the first major reconstruction work on the aqueduct was carried out. The prior of the nearby Jerónimos del Parral monastery, named Pedro Mesa, was in charge of the works. 36 arches were rebuilt, with great respect for the original work. Later, in the 19th century, the aforementioned statues of the Virgin of Carmen and Saint Sebastian were placed in the central niches.
The aqueduct arch is the most important architectural landmark of the city. It has remained in operation throughout the centuries and perhaps that is why it has survived to this day in perfect condition. Until almost today, it provided water to the city of Segovia, and more specifically to the Alcázar. In recent years it has suffered obvious deterioration caused mainly by environmental pollution and the granite erosion processes themselves. The vehicular traffic near the aqueduct (which still circulated between the arches until 1992) and the holding of concerts and high-volume musical activities at its feet are also facts that harm the monument.[9] To guarantee its survival, a meticulous restoration process was carried out in 1992 that lasted almost eight years, under the direction of architect Francisco Jurado.[10][11] However, it is still exposed to pollution, since traffic continues. a few meters from him.[12].
Legend
There are several legends about the construction of the Segovia aqueduct, the most popular and widespread tells that a girl climbed every day to the top of the mountain to collect water with a jug.[13] One day, fed up with that, she asked the devil to build some means so that she would not have to go up and down every day. Then, at night, the demon appeared to him and granted his wish in exchange for the fact that, if he managed to finish the aqueduct before the rooster crowed, he would have to give him his soul. The girl accepted and the demon began to build the aqueduct, at which point the girl regretted having wanted it. Just when she had one stone left to finish, the rooster crowed causing the devil's pact to fail and the girl not to lose her soul.[14] In the hole that was left is where the statue of the Virgin of Our Lady of Carmen is now placed.[15].
To reinforce the legend, the sculptor José Antonio Abella gave the Segovia City Council a statue of a modern devil. The devil has a mobile phone and is taking a selfie where he can see the aqueduct.[16] It was located in the vicinity of the aqueduct, on the San Juan slope, in the place chosen by the author for tourist purposes.[17].
• - Wikimedia Commons hosts a multimedia category on Segovia Aqueduct.
• - The Aqueduct of Segovia, article in the Universal Museum of December 1858.
• - World Monuments Fund - Segovia Aqueduct.
• - The content of this article incorporates material from an entry of the Free Universal Encyclopedia, published in Spanish under the Creative Commons Share-Alike 3.0 license.
[2] ↑ Ministerio de Fomento (20 de octubre de 1884). «Real orden de 11 de Octubre de 1884 disponiendo que el acueducto de Segovia sea declarado monumento nacional.». Gaceta de Madrid.: https://www.boe.es/datos/pdfs/BOE//1884/294/A00158-00158.pdf