Contenido

Los únicos vestigios prehispánicos encontrados en la zona demuestran que el área perteneció y fue habitada por la cultura Tlatilca, en lo que formaba parte de Totolinga, Los Cuartos y Ríos Hondos, preservados en un pequeño museo en el parque industrial de Naucalpan. Después, durante la época colonial, la Capilla de Nuestra Señora de los Remedios fue construida cuando un oficial español encontró la figura religiosa debajo de un maguey. Se dice que la pequeña virgen había sido traída por Gonzalo Rodríguez de Villafuerte. La capilla, que divide a Ciudad Satélite de las zonas populares de Naucalpan, fue construida en el siglo , donde podemos encontrar los famosos caracoles o el Acueducto Los Remedios en su estilo arquitectónico.[2]​.

A mediados de los años 50, con el rápido crecimiento de la Ciudad de México y la solidez económica de la época; el rápido crecimiento de clase media alta y la prohibición de construir nuevas colonias dentro del centro de la capital, forzaron el desarrollo de nuevos complejos habitacionales. Las tierras antes conocidas como Rancho Los Pirules fueron donadas por su dueño, el entonces Presidente, Miguel Alemán Valdés (quien conservó algunas hectáreas para construir su mansión en Circuito Médicos), el resto, dio vida a la construcción de un original e innovador modelo urbanístico, distinto a todos los observados tanto en la capital como en el resto del país.

Debido al decreto antes mencionado de la Ciudad de México (entonces Distrito Federal) para prohibir la construcción de nuevas colonias (fraccionamientos) dentro del centro de la capital, se eligió al municipio de Naucalpan para albergar a la nueva ciudad, debido a su cercanía con el centro de la Ciudad de México.

El Plan Maestro de Ciudad Satélite nació con la idea de "Una ciudad fuera de la ciudad", a manos del taller de Urbanismo del arquitecto mexicano Mario Pani, dirigido por el arquitecto José Luis Cuevas, junto a Domingo García Ramos, Miguel de la Torre Carbó, Homero Martínez de Hoyos, Taide Mondragón, Miguel Morales y el ingeniero Víctor Vila. Inspirados en los estudios urbanísticos de Herman Herrey, publicados en 1944 en la revista "Pencil Points" como una propuesta para aliviar el tránsito en Manhattan, basados en la formación orgánica de un árbol, los nuevos caminos estarían estructurados en "circuitos con avenidas que nunca truncarían la circulación, con un crucero o semáforo y cuya forma fuera casi circular".[3]​.

El nombre "Ciudad Satélite", según lo presentó Pani en 1957[4]​ lo concibió como parte de un proyecto urbanístico integral que contemplaba la creación de centros urbanos fuera de grandes urbes, con dependencia económica entre sí y conectadas por grandes autopistas. La idea principal era crear una zona habitacional similar a los suburbios de las grandes metrópolis de Estados Unidos y otros países, donde los habitantes no necesitan salir de la ciudad más que para trabajar.

Debido a alta demanda que obtuvo Ciudad Satélite, los precios fueron deliberadamente establecidos para separar la ciudad en tres áreas: clase media, clase media-alta y clase alta. Novelistas y Economistas fueron los circuitos con los precios más altos, así las mansiones más impresionantes fueron construidas en ellos. Los primeros habitantes, entre ellos profesionistas, burócratas, empresarios, etc., huían del estrés, congestionamiento y crimen de la ciudad, a pesar de mantener trabajos en ésta. Comenzaron a llegar 1957, motivados por promocionales que leían "Todo funcionando, no en proyecto"; sin embargo, testimonios de los primeros colonos aseguran que existían constantes fallas del servicio eléctrico y larga espera por las instalaciones telefónicas.[5]​.

Para conectar de forma eficiente al nuevo desarrollo con la Ciudad de México, se construyó la vía rápida que partía desde la Fuente de Petróleos, en la ampliación del Paseo de la Reforma, hasta la entrada del mismo, que estaría plenamente identificado por el monumento, ahora ícono indistinguible de la zona, las Torres de Satélite. Gracias al éxito de Ciudad Satélite, más colonias y fraccionamientos de la zona se sumaron, creando el Anillo Periférico "Anillo Periférico (Valle de México)"). Problemas contemporáneos en la ciudad incluyen grandes problemas de tráfico (debido a su naturaleza de ciudad dormitorio, donde muchas personas viajan a la Ciudad de México todos los días), el estado decrépito de muchos caminos; junto a robos, violaciones de las regulaciones ambientales, saturación de Bienes Raíces debido a nuevos desarrollos y comercio ambulante en exclusivas zonas residenciales.

Project failure

Due to political and real estate interests and the opposition of the Mexican political class, led by the then governor Gustavo Baz Prada (who blocked the original conception of the project around 1962, together with his director of Public Works),[6]​ the Ciudad Satélite Master Plan was not carried out under its original conception: selling lots of different prices, maintaining large wooded areas as boundaries and enormous agricultural, industrial zones and adjacent bodies of water to give it geographical autonomy and economic, as well as respected and preserved green areas.

Instead, and due to the real estate success,[7]​ the adjacent lots were put up for sale at high prices for middle, upper-middle and upper class subdivisions, which began construction almost simultaneously with Satélite such as Echegaray, La Florida, Boulevares and Jardines de San Mateo. Pani himself declared that, due to the profit motive of the fractionators and the objective of maximizing profits, the project failed and the name remained attractive and commercial.[8]​.

Land distribution

Many of the lots in Ciudad Satélite are larger than the typical sizes of the time in Mexico City, designed for the middle, upper middle and upper classes of the place. In them, houses were built with the architectural style of Functionalism "Functionalism (architecture)"), which is characterized by decorative elements on the façade, along with other styles such as Spanish Colonial and Modernist. The base consisted of Chalet-type houses, surrounded by gardens, with the absence of fences until 1978, when for reasons of security, privacy and limitation, they began to incorporate fences and trellises, which ranged from characteristic blacksmith designs to simple electrified fences. These modern styles are also found in the city's so-called "cathedral", the Santuario de San Felipe de Jesús.

To cover all targeted markets, medium and small sized lots were also included. Thus, the Speakers, Poets or Diplomats Circuits are smaller than those present in Economists, Novelists, Missionaries or Architects, among others. As part of the economic and social core of the city are the Shopping Center and Civic Center Circuits, where important businesses such as Plaza Satélite are located. Other smaller ones include Zona Verde, Zona Rosa and Zona Azul, which are local meeting points with a strong tradition among the city's inhabitants, as they concentrate small businesses, restaurants, cafes, ice cream shops, grocery stores, among others.

Circuits

The great novelty in Ciudad Satélite is the absolute absence (at least in the main subdivisions) of traffic lights, due to ingenious designs for the streets, called "circuits" where the incorporation into other main roads allows drivers to observe the cars that are coming. This technique was implemented by Mario Pani himself, who used the technique for the second time - the first being in Ciudad Universitaria de la UNAM in 1947 - called the GR System. It has 31 circuits that function as streets, without crossings or returns as intersections for automobile use. Apples do not have 90° corners, but curves. All were built with hydraulic concrete to avoid future and continuous resurfacing with other materials. Each of the circuits has streets named after famous professionals related to the name of the circuit, these being: Actors, Architects, Scientists, Surgeons, Chroniclers, Diplomats, Playwrights, Economists, Educators, Sculptors, Founders, Geographers, Heroes, Historians, Engineers, Jurists, Doctors, Missionaries, Musicians, Navigators, Novelists, Orators, Thinkers, Journalists, Painters, Poets and Childcare Workers. Surrounding the city are two large avenues or macro-circuits: Circunvalación Poniente and Circunvalación Oriente.

Thus, in Circuito Arquitectos we find streets such as Manuel Tolsá, Eduardo Tresguerras or Lorenzo de la Hidalga; or in Circuito Misioneros streets such as Vasco de Quiroga or Fray Juan de Zumárraga. The residential use of Circuito Metalurgistas disappeared when it was sold to Grupo Cifra for the construction of the first Aurrerá supermarket in the area, today Walmart "Walmart (México)") Satélite.

The main streets are one-way. In some sections of the circuits, semi-private housing areas, called returns, were created through an interior street with a single access. Many of the adjacent returns have a wooded area or park that connects them, much less than the originals since condominiums have been built in many of them. To avoid traffic at the intersections of its primary ring avenues with the Peripheral Ring "Peripheral Ring (Valley of Mexico)"), overpasses were built, both for cars and people.

Pedestrian walkways were also built between homes to connect the streets; urban solution that was adopted years later in other upper-middle class subdivisions such as Valle Dorado (1975), in Tlalnepantla de Baz, Parque Residencial I and II Section (1970) in Coacalco de Berriozábal, Bosques de Aragón in Nezahualcóyotl and Las Alamedas (1973) in Atizapán de Zaragoza, among others.

Nomenclature

Just as the towers are emblematic of Ciudad Satélite, so is the nomenclature that identifies its streets and circuits. Mario Pani Darqui called a competition for his design. Various proposals were presented, including by the architect Pani himself, as well as the engineer Víctor Vila") and the architects Miguel de la Torre Carbó"), Miguel Morales, Federico Mariscal, Domingo García Ramos and José Luis Pérez Núñez"). It was José Luis Pérez Nuñez") (1929-2015) who provided the best proposal, both for its conceptual design and for the identification nomenclature of each street, made with reflective film, then a novelty in the country.

There are two types of "arrows" in Ciudad Satélite:

1. • Those with a white granite body with a black arrow integrated into it and that serve to identify streets and circuits.

2. • Those with an iron body that are placed on the dividing ridges between circuits and that serve to indicate the direction towards them.

The arrows are designed to immediately identify the direction of traffic and the name of the street, avenue and/or circuit in question. The quality of the reflective film with which the Ciudad Satélite nomenclature is made even allows the identification of the streets at night since the level of the arrow nomenclature reflects the light emitted by the headlights of a car and is located in the driver's optimal vision range. The nomenclature of the subdivision consists of 512 pieces that were built over a period of twelve years (1958-1970) as the subdivision was consolidated as a suburban housing nucleus.

It is due to its design, its solid construction and the identification nomenclature, that after 63 years since the first of them was placed in 1958, most of the arrows are still in place, giving meaning and identity to the roads.

Extension

Given the current urban density, the Satélite Zone would only include the urban development of Ciudad Satélite, since many of the adjacent subdivisions in everyday jargon were mistakenly considered parts of Ciudad Satélite, even taking into account that some do not belong to the municipality of this same development.

It is therefore important to distinguish the Ciudad Satélite subdivision, with its particular characteristics previously defined, from the Satélite Zone. The subdivisions that are considered part of the "Satellite Zone" and that surround the Ciudad Satélite subdivision are:

• - Magisterial Vista Bella") (Area adjacent to the upper part of Ciudad Satélite Poniente).

• - Expansion Vista Hermosa") (Area adjacent to some circuits and Peripheral).

• - Viveros de la Loma (adjacent area of ​​Vista Hermosa Expansion).

• - San Lucas Tepetlacalco") (Area adjacent to the Poniente and Periférico Circunvalación Circuit).

• - Satellite Sources") (Part of the area is in Atizapán de Zaragoza).

• - Satélite Gardens") (Part of the area is in Atizapán de Zaragoza).

• - Echegaray (Nearby area between Periférico and Satélite Oriente).

• - Boulevares") (Division located between Circunvalación Poniente and Parque Naucalli).

• - La Florida (Adjacent area including Jardines De La Florida to the eastern part of Ciudad Satélite whose limit is Circunvalación Oriente avenue).

• - Lomas Verdes (Divided into several sections, adjacent to several mentioned subdivisions).

• - San Mateo Gardens (High income area).

• - San Mateo Valley. (Between Boulevares and Jardines de San Mateo).

• - Paseos del Bosque (Next to San Mateo and Lomas Verdes).

• - Las Américas (Next to the Los Remedios forest).

• - Alamos (Between Lomas Muerdes and Jardines de San Mateo).

• - Fresnos (Border with the Town of Santiago and San Mateo).

• - Misiones (Border with the Town of Santiago and San Mateo).

• - Brisas City.

Las principales vías de acceso a la zona son:.

• - Anillo Periférico "Anillo Periférico (Valle de México)") (Norte) procedente de CDMX y de la Autopista México-Querétaro.

• - Avenida Adolfo López Mateos"), procedente del centro de Naucalpan y parte de la zona baja de Atizapán que originalmente se trazó como un plan inconcluso de realizar una alternativa paralela a Periférico a finales de los setenta.

• - Vía Dr. Gustavo Baz (continuación de la Vía José López Portillo), procedente de Tlalnepantla, Coacalco, Tultitlán y Cuautitlán Izcalli y parte del centro de Naucalpan.

• - Viaducto Bicentenario, vialidad elevada que funciona en ambos sentidos, según horarios programados, y que en su primera etapa llega desde Cuatro Caminos a la Av. Lomas Verdes. Su objetivo es hacer más eficiente la circulación del tránsito vehicular sobre Periférico Norte.

Aunado a esto, la zona está indirectamente conectada a la autopista Perinorte-La Venta por medio de algunas vías de acceso, a través del municipio de Atizapán, así como accesos desde las calles de las colonias populares y de clase media del municipio de Tlalnepantla, como lo son San Lucas Tepetlacalco y Vista Hermosa, así como los enlaces con las colonias de todo nivel en las zonas de Santa Mónica, Magisterial Vista Bella y otros desarrollos adyacentes a Ciudad Satélite, conectados por las calles locales o por alguna de las 3 grandes vías de comunicación. De igual manera y por su cercanía a Puente de Vigas, se encuentra indirectamente conectada a la autopista Naucalpan-Ecatepec Bicentenario que en su primera etapa va de Puente de Vigas a Calzada Vallejo.

Public transportation in Ciudad Satélite

However, it was difficult for public transportation to introduce routes that cross the area due to its upper-middle and upper-class residential character. This has been accentuated over the years, as only some companies were able to obtain routes that allow them to serve the area. The organization and offer of public transportation in the area have been changing over the years, as some of its roads, such as the Ring Road, Avenida Adolfo López Mateos and, to a small extent, Vía Gustavo Baz, have provided transportation to this area of ​​the metropolitan area.

The Route 100 systems and the Trunk Transportation System that passed through the Periférico arrived to the route offering that existed a few years ago. And in the case of the first, they had an established base with the route from Satélite to Metro Chapultepec and some night routes and express services, which improved the quality of transportation in the area, but constant lawsuits between route 100, trunks and private buses, both from DF and the State of Mexico, deteriorated the quality until the moment of bankruptcy, when the private operators saw the battle won, further deteriorating the service by the State concessionaires. of Mexico, while those in the DF, such as routes 2,98 and 17, made an attempt to improve transportation and provide it as provided by the already bankrupt government company, although already with prices for private operators, acquiring some new units, although in competition with the operators of the State of Mexico another fight for the ticket was fierce.

Nowadays, several routes provide the service crossing the area through Periférico and others provide the service through López Mateos Avenue, depending on their route. Likewise, some routes in the State of Mexico also go to some Metro stations, with Chapultepec, El Rosario, Cuatro Caminos and Observatorio being common.

Only 4 routes from Mexico City penetrate part of the Satélite area, with the metropolitan plate of Tlalnepantla:.

• - Route 2 Association of Drivers and Transporters Reforma") (Metro Chapultepec-Satélite-Valle Dorado) (**).

• - Route 17 Tlacopac Transport Association") (Metro Tacuba-Plaza Satélite-Arboledas).

• - Route 89 United Mexican Transporters Route 89") A.C. (Metro Observatorio-Atizapan or Tlalnepantla Center).

• - Route 98 Peripheral Circuit and Branches") A.C. (Metro Tacubaya-Satélite/Valle Dorado/Arboledas-Tecnológico de Monterrey).

(**): Replaced by the Mexico City Road Corridor.

Due to the strategic location and its communication routes, the area has a relative ease of reaching various metro stations such as: El Rosario, Cuatro Caminos, Observatorio, Chapultepec (already mentioned), as well as other nearby ones: Auditorio, Tacuba, Constituciónntes and Tacubaya. Although today this facility is being diminished thanks to the long travel times due to traffic jams during peak hours.

In the case of routes belonging to organizations in the state of Mexico, we can count several that provide service from Periférico Norte as examples:

• - AMATSA") (Autotransportes México Azcapotzalco Tlalnepantla") S.A., known as Has Hormigas") Metro Rosario (By San Agustín y Armas)/Metro Cuatro Caminos (By Periférico Norte)/Tren Suburbano Tlalnepantla (By Gustavo Baz) - Bellavista Calacoaya, Madin.

• - AMMOSA") (Autobuses Mexico Melchor Ocampo") S.A., known as Los Melchores")) Metro Cuatro Caminos - Cuautitlán Izcalli/Koblenz/FES Cuautitlán/Melchor Ocampo/Zumpango.

• - AMOSA") (Linea AMO Tultepec"), colloquially known as Coheteros")) (Buses Melchor Ocampo") S.A.) Metro Cuatro Caminos - Cuautitlán Izcalli/Caseta Tepozotlan/Melchor Ocampo/Tultepec.

• - AIEMSA") (Autobuses Integrales del Estado de México") S.A.) Metro Rosario - Plaza Satélite (through Vista Hermosa) and Plaza Satélite - Tlalnepantla Centro (through Vista Hermosa or also with escape through Viveros de Asís ").

• - Monte Auto y Anexas") (MonteAuto y Anexas Buses") S.A.) Metro Cuatro Caminos - Atizapán/bodegas/progreso/Nicolás Romero/Villa Del Carbón/Jilotepec and Metro Cuatro Caminos - Atizapán/Chiluca/Sayavedra County.

• - Route 27 Miguel Hidalgo") S.A. de C.V. (ACPTA") Route 27 Miguel Hidalgo, S.A. of C.V. (Valle Dorado Branch) Chapultepec Metro - Satellite/Valle Dorado/Arboledas Bridge/Campanario.

• - Ruta 27 Miguel Hidalgo") S.A. de C.V. (ACPTA Ruta 27 Miguel Hidalgo S.A. de C.V. (Cuautitlán Izcalli Branch)) Metro Chapultepec/Metro Cuatro Caminos (machinery) - Satélite/Santa Mónica/Mundo E/Cuautitlán Izcalli 123 (Direct by highway to Ford)..

• - Ruta 27 Miguel Hidalgo") S.A. de C.V. (ACPTA Ruta 27 Miguel Hidalgo, S.A. de C.V. (Tequex Branch)) Metro Chapultepec/Metro Toreo - Satélite/Tequex/Cementos/Ciudad Labor/Tultitlán.

• - Buses Circuito Hospitales") (Buses Circuito Hospitales Tlalnepantla") and Anexas, S.A., known as the Old Valley of Mexico")) Metro Cuatro Caminos - Satélite/Tlalnepantla Arboledas.

• - Integral buses Route 22 Atizapán"). Metro Cuatro Caminos - San Pedro Globo via Periférico and Av. Adolfo López Mateos.

It is worth mentioning that both CDMX dealers and the State of Mexico itself use buses with a front engine and hood as well as a rear and front door arrangement for boarding and alighting passengers, with relatively reduced capacity per unit, although many of these rolling materials have been involved in neglect and lack of maintenance. Since in times where Ruta 100 provided service to the area, urban standard buses with flat front and rear engine were used, which represented comfort as well as better service compared to the current units.

Likewise, many of the companies and routes of both entities have decided to stop occupying buses to reduce capacity with the use of vans, even though Periférico Norte is a high-traffic route that does require rolling stock as well as 12-meter and urban standard buses. For cost reasons, concessionaires occupy units that have a low acquisition cost to omit or reduce the maintenance of the units to a minimum.

Road Corridors of Mexico City

Likewise, some routes in Mexico City, in its mobility modernization program, have been reorganized as a business scheme, which in turn brings a renewed service scheme. At the moment, only one of the routes has made this change. (In these cases, being metropolitan road corridors, they must carry the tariff pyramid authorized by the State of Mexico to be able to serve the area, in this case Ciudad Satélite).

• - SIMESA") (Sistema Integral Metropolitano Satelite")) Metro Chapultepec/Metro Insurgentes/Paseo de la Reforma - Toreo/Echegaray/Satélite/Valle Dorado (Replaces Route 2, has 24-hour service).[9]​.

Ciudad Satélite is known for its excellent educational offering, which includes good private and public schools in the area, such as a campus of the University of the Valley of Mexico and the Acatlán Faculty of Higher Studies of the UNAM.

Some actors, athletes, artists and other personalities from Mexico live or lived in Ciudad Satélite.

• - Carlos Mercenario (1967). Mexican athlete specialized in race walking. Olympic silver medalist in Barcelona 1992.

• - Soraya Jiménez (1977-2013). Mexican weightlifter. Gold medalist in Sydney 2000 and the first Mexican athlete to win Olympic gold.

• - Dolores Knoll (Century). Mexican athlete who competed in Taekwondo. Bronze medalist at the 1991 World Taekwondo Championships.

• - Guillermo Allier (1935). Mexican badminton player. Member of the first and historic Mexican team that competed in the 1964 Badminton World Cup. 4-time national champion of Mexico.

• - Fernando Platas (1973). Diver "Salto (swimming)") and Mexican politician. Silver medalist in Sydney 2000.

• - Tacvba Coffee. Alternative rock band. The band was formed in 1989 and is from Ciudad Satélite.

• - José José (1948-2019). Mexican singer. Considered a musical icon in the second half of the century.

• - Lucero "Lucero (singer)") (1969). Mexican singer and actress.

• - Luis García Postigo (1969). Mexican soccer player and soccer commentator for TV Azteca.

• - The Castro Brothers. Quartet of singers created in 1940.

• - Mauritius Islands (1973). Mexican actor.

• - Thalía (1971). Mexican singer and actress.

• - Andrea Legarreta (1971). Actress and host of the Hoy program "Hoy (television program)"), on Televisa.

• - Manuel "El Loco" Valdés "Manuel Valdés (actor)") (1931-2020). First Mexican actor and comedian.

• - Tatiana "Tatiana (singer)") (1968). American and Mexican actress, television host and singer.

• - Beto The Apothecary (1931-2009). First Mexican actor and comedian.

• - Mariana Ochoa. Former member of the Mexican group OV7.

• - José Canela. Former member of CD9.

• - The Satellite Towers are the main and predominant icon of the area; the main entrance to the place and pride of its inhabitants. The colors of the towers have changed twice, in 1968 and 1989 and they have been proposed for the candidacy of Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

• - About Anillo Periférico "Anillo Periférico (Valle de México)"), there is an area with a variety of shops of all kinds as well as restaurants with practically all gastronomic styles and highly concentrated shopping centers such as Plaza Satélite and Mundo E") (although the latter is located in the municipality of Tlalnepantla). Plaza Satélite was inaugurated in 1971 and is the work of the architect Juan Sordo Madaleno. It was built to give commercial independence to the place and as one of the strategies to attract the subdivision. It was one of the first shopping centers in Mexico, currently the second largest in the metropolitan area after Centro Santa Fe.

• - Naucalli Park was built on land of the Ejido del Oro, and is now one of the few green areas north of Mexico City. It has large wooded areas, a skating rink, a bicycle rink, a culture center and a cafe. It is one of the lungs of this metropolitan area of ​​the city and a place very frequented by locals and visitors on weekends.

• - The Blue Zone became famous for its snow, ice cream and other culinary delights. This led to the area being a popular place to socialize. Until the 1990s it was famous for carrying out the traditional and so famous street drag races involving modified cars and motorcycles.

• - Satélite Complex: Architectural work by Javier Senosiain located in the Ciudad Satélite housing complex, on Circuito Economistas. This space, like many others by this architect, is not open to the public. Upon arriving at this property you will find an undulating façade that simulates two eagles with open wings. Inside there is a set of four semi-buried houses with curved and organic shapes that distinguish the architect Javier Senosiain in the philosophy of Organic Architecture.

• - Shopping Center Circuit: Precisely in this circuit and surrounding streets, dozens of large, medium and small businesses are located, the greatest exponent being the Plaza Satélite Shopping Center, which also has hospital services, laboratories, restaurants of all kinds, chains of specialized stores among others, being one of the most visited shopping areas. You can also find various aesthetics, beauty salons, bars and nightclubs that are part of the social life of the satellite city.

• - Plaza Satélite: One of the first shopping centers in Mexico and one of the most influential today due to its sales volume.

• - Part of the text by Juan Villoro, where mention is made of Ciudad Satélite and its relationship in the expansion of the urban area of ​​Mexico City.

• - Here Satélite, the First Virtual Magazine of Ciudad Satélite and Surroundings, with its sections: Satélite Classics, Satélite Flavors. What's New in Satellite, Family, Entrepreneurship, Technology, Music and more. Since 2011.

• - Ciudad Satélite TV The most important information portal in the area in news, culture and entertainment.

Ciudad Satélite was originally conceived as a dormitory city; The architects hoped to maintain a green belt between Satélite and Mexico City, but rapid development (and high housing prices) in the city center made this impossible.

The project was approved by President Miguel Alemán Valdés in 1948. The city was almost completed, but remained uninhabited until 1952. When people began to move; Public services such as telephony had not been completed in all circuits, however, people used public telephones while landlines were placed in their homes. By 1970, the population of Ciudad Satélite had increased greatly.

The city can be divided into four (or even five) parts. The central core of Ciudad Satélite is marked by the "Las Torres" monument and is made up of all the Satélite, Echegaray and Florida circuits (these being the most exclusive areas and with the greatest added value per square meter of the entire Satélite area). The southern area covers the Las Américas neighborhood, next to the Naucalpan City Hall; Acatlán, Vista Del Valle, Paseos del Bosque, San Mateo and El Mirador. The central-west zone covers Lomas Verdes, Boulevares, Parque Naucalli and La Concordia. The northern area is comprised of Fuentes de Satélite, Santa Cruz del Monte, Bellavista and Calacoaya.

The last zone is Zona Esmeralda, which consists of Chiluca, Valle Escondido and Condado de Sayavedra. Its possible exclusion is due to its detachment from Satélite: several hectares of undeveloped land. the Chamapa-Lechería highway and the Madín Dam, which divide the two urban extensions. Other factors include a different urban concept.

These areas, rather, belong to the municipalities of Naucalpan, Tlalnepantla and Atizapán de Zaragoza.

Contenido

Los únicos vestigios prehispánicos encontrados en la zona demuestran que el área perteneció y fue habitada por la cultura Tlatilca, en lo que formaba parte de Totolinga, Los Cuartos y Ríos Hondos, preservados en un pequeño museo en el parque industrial de Naucalpan. Después, durante la época colonial, la Capilla de Nuestra Señora de los Remedios fue construida cuando un oficial español encontró la figura religiosa debajo de un maguey. Se dice que la pequeña virgen había sido traída por Gonzalo Rodríguez de Villafuerte. La capilla, que divide a Ciudad Satélite de las zonas populares de Naucalpan, fue construida en el siglo , donde podemos encontrar los famosos caracoles o el Acueducto Los Remedios en su estilo arquitectónico.[2]​.

A mediados de los años 50, con el rápido crecimiento de la Ciudad de México y la solidez económica de la época; el rápido crecimiento de clase media alta y la prohibición de construir nuevas colonias dentro del centro de la capital, forzaron el desarrollo de nuevos complejos habitacionales. Las tierras antes conocidas como Rancho Los Pirules fueron donadas por su dueño, el entonces Presidente, Miguel Alemán Valdés (quien conservó algunas hectáreas para construir su mansión en Circuito Médicos), el resto, dio vida a la construcción de un original e innovador modelo urbanístico, distinto a todos los observados tanto en la capital como en el resto del país.

Debido al decreto antes mencionado de la Ciudad de México (entonces Distrito Federal) para prohibir la construcción de nuevas colonias (fraccionamientos) dentro del centro de la capital, se eligió al municipio de Naucalpan para albergar a la nueva ciudad, debido a su cercanía con el centro de la Ciudad de México.

El Plan Maestro de Ciudad Satélite nació con la idea de "Una ciudad fuera de la ciudad", a manos del taller de Urbanismo del arquitecto mexicano Mario Pani, dirigido por el arquitecto José Luis Cuevas, junto a Domingo García Ramos, Miguel de la Torre Carbó, Homero Martínez de Hoyos, Taide Mondragón, Miguel Morales y el ingeniero Víctor Vila. Inspirados en los estudios urbanísticos de Herman Herrey, publicados en 1944 en la revista "Pencil Points" como una propuesta para aliviar el tránsito en Manhattan, basados en la formación orgánica de un árbol, los nuevos caminos estarían estructurados en "circuitos con avenidas que nunca truncarían la circulación, con un crucero o semáforo y cuya forma fuera casi circular".[3]​.

El nombre "Ciudad Satélite", según lo presentó Pani en 1957[4]​ lo concibió como parte de un proyecto urbanístico integral que contemplaba la creación de centros urbanos fuera de grandes urbes, con dependencia económica entre sí y conectadas por grandes autopistas. La idea principal era crear una zona habitacional similar a los suburbios de las grandes metrópolis de Estados Unidos y otros países, donde los habitantes no necesitan salir de la ciudad más que para trabajar.

Debido a alta demanda que obtuvo Ciudad Satélite, los precios fueron deliberadamente establecidos para separar la ciudad en tres áreas: clase media, clase media-alta y clase alta. Novelistas y Economistas fueron los circuitos con los precios más altos, así las mansiones más impresionantes fueron construidas en ellos. Los primeros habitantes, entre ellos profesionistas, burócratas, empresarios, etc., huían del estrés, congestionamiento y crimen de la ciudad, a pesar de mantener trabajos en ésta. Comenzaron a llegar 1957, motivados por promocionales que leían "Todo funcionando, no en proyecto"; sin embargo, testimonios de los primeros colonos aseguran que existían constantes fallas del servicio eléctrico y larga espera por las instalaciones telefónicas.[5]​.

Para conectar de forma eficiente al nuevo desarrollo con la Ciudad de México, se construyó la vía rápida que partía desde la Fuente de Petróleos, en la ampliación del Paseo de la Reforma, hasta la entrada del mismo, que estaría plenamente identificado por el monumento, ahora ícono indistinguible de la zona, las Torres de Satélite. Gracias al éxito de Ciudad Satélite, más colonias y fraccionamientos de la zona se sumaron, creando el Anillo Periférico "Anillo Periférico (Valle de México)"). Problemas contemporáneos en la ciudad incluyen grandes problemas de tráfico (debido a su naturaleza de ciudad dormitorio, donde muchas personas viajan a la Ciudad de México todos los días), el estado decrépito de muchos caminos; junto a robos, violaciones de las regulaciones ambientales, saturación de Bienes Raíces debido a nuevos desarrollos y comercio ambulante en exclusivas zonas residenciales.

Project failure

Due to political and real estate interests and the opposition of the Mexican political class, led by the then governor Gustavo Baz Prada (who blocked the original conception of the project around 1962, together with his director of Public Works),[6]​ the Ciudad Satélite Master Plan was not carried out under its original conception: selling lots of different prices, maintaining large wooded areas as boundaries and enormous agricultural, industrial zones and adjacent bodies of water to give it geographical autonomy and economic, as well as respected and preserved green areas.

Instead, and due to the real estate success,[7]​ the adjacent lots were put up for sale at high prices for middle, upper-middle and upper class subdivisions, which began construction almost simultaneously with Satélite such as Echegaray, La Florida, Boulevares and Jardines de San Mateo. Pani himself declared that, due to the profit motive of the fractionators and the objective of maximizing profits, the project failed and the name remained attractive and commercial.[8]​.

Land distribution

Many of the lots in Ciudad Satélite are larger than the typical sizes of the time in Mexico City, designed for the middle, upper middle and upper classes of the place. In them, houses were built with the architectural style of Functionalism "Functionalism (architecture)"), which is characterized by decorative elements on the façade, along with other styles such as Spanish Colonial and Modernist. The base consisted of Chalet-type houses, surrounded by gardens, with the absence of fences until 1978, when for reasons of security, privacy and limitation, they began to incorporate fences and trellises, which ranged from characteristic blacksmith designs to simple electrified fences. These modern styles are also found in the city's so-called "cathedral", the Santuario de San Felipe de Jesús.

To cover all targeted markets, medium and small sized lots were also included. Thus, the Speakers, Poets or Diplomats Circuits are smaller than those present in Economists, Novelists, Missionaries or Architects, among others. As part of the economic and social core of the city are the Shopping Center and Civic Center Circuits, where important businesses such as Plaza Satélite are located. Other smaller ones include Zona Verde, Zona Rosa and Zona Azul, which are local meeting points with a strong tradition among the city's inhabitants, as they concentrate small businesses, restaurants, cafes, ice cream shops, grocery stores, among others.

Circuits

The great novelty in Ciudad Satélite is the absolute absence (at least in the main subdivisions) of traffic lights, due to ingenious designs for the streets, called "circuits" where the incorporation into other main roads allows drivers to observe the cars that are coming. This technique was implemented by Mario Pani himself, who used the technique for the second time - the first being in Ciudad Universitaria de la UNAM in 1947 - called the GR System. It has 31 circuits that function as streets, without crossings or returns as intersections for automobile use. Apples do not have 90° corners, but curves. All were built with hydraulic concrete to avoid future and continuous resurfacing with other materials. Each of the circuits has streets named after famous professionals related to the name of the circuit, these being: Actors, Architects, Scientists, Surgeons, Chroniclers, Diplomats, Playwrights, Economists, Educators, Sculptors, Founders, Geographers, Heroes, Historians, Engineers, Jurists, Doctors, Missionaries, Musicians, Navigators, Novelists, Orators, Thinkers, Journalists, Painters, Poets and Childcare Workers. Surrounding the city are two large avenues or macro-circuits: Circunvalación Poniente and Circunvalación Oriente.

Thus, in Circuito Arquitectos we find streets such as Manuel Tolsá, Eduardo Tresguerras or Lorenzo de la Hidalga; or in Circuito Misioneros streets such as Vasco de Quiroga or Fray Juan de Zumárraga. The residential use of Circuito Metalurgistas disappeared when it was sold to Grupo Cifra for the construction of the first Aurrerá supermarket in the area, today Walmart "Walmart (México)") Satélite.

The main streets are one-way. In some sections of the circuits, semi-private housing areas, called returns, were created through an interior street with a single access. Many of the adjacent returns have a wooded area or park that connects them, much less than the originals since condominiums have been built in many of them. To avoid traffic at the intersections of its primary ring avenues with the Peripheral Ring "Peripheral Ring (Valley of Mexico)"), overpasses were built, both for cars and people.

Pedestrian walkways were also built between homes to connect the streets; urban solution that was adopted years later in other upper-middle class subdivisions such as Valle Dorado (1975), in Tlalnepantla de Baz, Parque Residencial I and II Section (1970) in Coacalco de Berriozábal, Bosques de Aragón in Nezahualcóyotl and Las Alamedas (1973) in Atizapán de Zaragoza, among others.

Nomenclature

Just as the towers are emblematic of Ciudad Satélite, so is the nomenclature that identifies its streets and circuits. Mario Pani Darqui called a competition for his design. Various proposals were presented, including by the architect Pani himself, as well as the engineer Víctor Vila") and the architects Miguel de la Torre Carbó"), Miguel Morales, Federico Mariscal, Domingo García Ramos and José Luis Pérez Núñez"). It was José Luis Pérez Nuñez") (1929-2015) who provided the best proposal, both for its conceptual design and for the identification nomenclature of each street, made with reflective film, then a novelty in the country.

There are two types of "arrows" in Ciudad Satélite:

1. • Those with a white granite body with a black arrow integrated into it and that serve to identify streets and circuits.

2. • Those with an iron body that are placed on the dividing ridges between circuits and that serve to indicate the direction towards them.

The arrows are designed to immediately identify the direction of traffic and the name of the street, avenue and/or circuit in question. The quality of the reflective film with which the Ciudad Satélite nomenclature is made even allows the identification of the streets at night since the level of the arrow nomenclature reflects the light emitted by the headlights of a car and is located in the driver's optimal vision range. The nomenclature of the subdivision consists of 512 pieces that were built over a period of twelve years (1958-1970) as the subdivision was consolidated as a suburban housing nucleus.

It is due to its design, its solid construction and the identification nomenclature, that after 63 years since the first of them was placed in 1958, most of the arrows are still in place, giving meaning and identity to the roads.

Extension

Given the current urban density, the Satélite Zone would only include the urban development of Ciudad Satélite, since many of the adjacent subdivisions in everyday jargon were mistakenly considered parts of Ciudad Satélite, even taking into account that some do not belong to the municipality of this same development.

It is therefore important to distinguish the Ciudad Satélite subdivision, with its particular characteristics previously defined, from the Satélite Zone. The subdivisions that are considered part of the "Satellite Zone" and that surround the Ciudad Satélite subdivision are:

• - Magisterial Vista Bella") (Area adjacent to the upper part of Ciudad Satélite Poniente).

• - Expansion Vista Hermosa") (Area adjacent to some circuits and Peripheral).

• - Viveros de la Loma (adjacent area of ​​Vista Hermosa Expansion).

• - San Lucas Tepetlacalco") (Area adjacent to the Poniente and Periférico Circunvalación Circuit).

• - Satellite Sources") (Part of the area is in Atizapán de Zaragoza).

• - Satélite Gardens") (Part of the area is in Atizapán de Zaragoza).

• - Echegaray (Nearby area between Periférico and Satélite Oriente).

• - Boulevares") (Division located between Circunvalación Poniente and Parque Naucalli).

• - La Florida (Adjacent area including Jardines De La Florida to the eastern part of Ciudad Satélite whose limit is Circunvalación Oriente avenue).

• - Lomas Verdes (Divided into several sections, adjacent to several mentioned subdivisions).

• - San Mateo Gardens (High income area).

• - San Mateo Valley. (Between Boulevares and Jardines de San Mateo).

• - Paseos del Bosque (Next to San Mateo and Lomas Verdes).

• - Las Américas (Next to the Los Remedios forest).

• - Alamos (Between Lomas Muerdes and Jardines de San Mateo).

• - Fresnos (Border with the Town of Santiago and San Mateo).

• - Misiones (Border with the Town of Santiago and San Mateo).

• - Brisas City.

Las principales vías de acceso a la zona son:.

• - Anillo Periférico "Anillo Periférico (Valle de México)") (Norte) procedente de CDMX y de la Autopista México-Querétaro.

• - Avenida Adolfo López Mateos"), procedente del centro de Naucalpan y parte de la zona baja de Atizapán que originalmente se trazó como un plan inconcluso de realizar una alternativa paralela a Periférico a finales de los setenta.

• - Vía Dr. Gustavo Baz (continuación de la Vía José López Portillo), procedente de Tlalnepantla, Coacalco, Tultitlán y Cuautitlán Izcalli y parte del centro de Naucalpan.

• - Viaducto Bicentenario, vialidad elevada que funciona en ambos sentidos, según horarios programados, y que en su primera etapa llega desde Cuatro Caminos a la Av. Lomas Verdes. Su objetivo es hacer más eficiente la circulación del tránsito vehicular sobre Periférico Norte.

Aunado a esto, la zona está indirectamente conectada a la autopista Perinorte-La Venta por medio de algunas vías de acceso, a través del municipio de Atizapán, así como accesos desde las calles de las colonias populares y de clase media del municipio de Tlalnepantla, como lo son San Lucas Tepetlacalco y Vista Hermosa, así como los enlaces con las colonias de todo nivel en las zonas de Santa Mónica, Magisterial Vista Bella y otros desarrollos adyacentes a Ciudad Satélite, conectados por las calles locales o por alguna de las 3 grandes vías de comunicación. De igual manera y por su cercanía a Puente de Vigas, se encuentra indirectamente conectada a la autopista Naucalpan-Ecatepec Bicentenario que en su primera etapa va de Puente de Vigas a Calzada Vallejo.

Public transportation in Ciudad Satélite

However, it was difficult for public transportation to introduce routes that cross the area due to its upper-middle and upper-class residential character. This has been accentuated over the years, as only some companies were able to obtain routes that allow them to serve the area. The organization and offer of public transportation in the area have been changing over the years, as some of its roads, such as the Ring Road, Avenida Adolfo López Mateos and, to a small extent, Vía Gustavo Baz, have provided transportation to this area of ​​the metropolitan area.

The Route 100 systems and the Trunk Transportation System that passed through the Periférico arrived to the route offering that existed a few years ago. And in the case of the first, they had an established base with the route from Satélite to Metro Chapultepec and some night routes and express services, which improved the quality of transportation in the area, but constant lawsuits between route 100, trunks and private buses, both from DF and the State of Mexico, deteriorated the quality until the moment of bankruptcy, when the private operators saw the battle won, further deteriorating the service by the State concessionaires. of Mexico, while those in the DF, such as routes 2,98 and 17, made an attempt to improve transportation and provide it as provided by the already bankrupt government company, although already with prices for private operators, acquiring some new units, although in competition with the operators of the State of Mexico another fight for the ticket was fierce.

Nowadays, several routes provide the service crossing the area through Periférico and others provide the service through López Mateos Avenue, depending on their route. Likewise, some routes in the State of Mexico also go to some Metro stations, with Chapultepec, El Rosario, Cuatro Caminos and Observatorio being common.

Only 4 routes from Mexico City penetrate part of the Satélite area, with the metropolitan plate of Tlalnepantla:.

• - Route 2 Association of Drivers and Transporters Reforma") (Metro Chapultepec-Satélite-Valle Dorado) (**).

• - Route 17 Tlacopac Transport Association") (Metro Tacuba-Plaza Satélite-Arboledas).

• - Route 89 United Mexican Transporters Route 89") A.C. (Metro Observatorio-Atizapan or Tlalnepantla Center).

• - Route 98 Peripheral Circuit and Branches") A.C. (Metro Tacubaya-Satélite/Valle Dorado/Arboledas-Tecnológico de Monterrey).

(**): Replaced by the Mexico City Road Corridor.

Due to the strategic location and its communication routes, the area has a relative ease of reaching various metro stations such as: El Rosario, Cuatro Caminos, Observatorio, Chapultepec (already mentioned), as well as other nearby ones: Auditorio, Tacuba, Constituciónntes and Tacubaya. Although today this facility is being diminished thanks to the long travel times due to traffic jams during peak hours.

In the case of routes belonging to organizations in the state of Mexico, we can count several that provide service from Periférico Norte as examples:

• - AMATSA") (Autotransportes México Azcapotzalco Tlalnepantla") S.A., known as Has Hormigas") Metro Rosario (By San Agustín y Armas)/Metro Cuatro Caminos (By Periférico Norte)/Tren Suburbano Tlalnepantla (By Gustavo Baz) - Bellavista Calacoaya, Madin.

• - AMMOSA") (Autobuses Mexico Melchor Ocampo") S.A., known as Los Melchores")) Metro Cuatro Caminos - Cuautitlán Izcalli/Koblenz/FES Cuautitlán/Melchor Ocampo/Zumpango.

• - AMOSA") (Linea AMO Tultepec"), colloquially known as Coheteros")) (Buses Melchor Ocampo") S.A.) Metro Cuatro Caminos - Cuautitlán Izcalli/Caseta Tepozotlan/Melchor Ocampo/Tultepec.

• - AIEMSA") (Autobuses Integrales del Estado de México") S.A.) Metro Rosario - Plaza Satélite (through Vista Hermosa) and Plaza Satélite - Tlalnepantla Centro (through Vista Hermosa or also with escape through Viveros de Asís ").

• - Monte Auto y Anexas") (MonteAuto y Anexas Buses") S.A.) Metro Cuatro Caminos - Atizapán/bodegas/progreso/Nicolás Romero/Villa Del Carbón/Jilotepec and Metro Cuatro Caminos - Atizapán/Chiluca/Sayavedra County.

• - Route 27 Miguel Hidalgo") S.A. de C.V. (ACPTA") Route 27 Miguel Hidalgo, S.A. of C.V. (Valle Dorado Branch) Chapultepec Metro - Satellite/Valle Dorado/Arboledas Bridge/Campanario.

• - Ruta 27 Miguel Hidalgo") S.A. de C.V. (ACPTA Ruta 27 Miguel Hidalgo S.A. de C.V. (Cuautitlán Izcalli Branch)) Metro Chapultepec/Metro Cuatro Caminos (machinery) - Satélite/Santa Mónica/Mundo E/Cuautitlán Izcalli 123 (Direct by highway to Ford)..

• - Ruta 27 Miguel Hidalgo") S.A. de C.V. (ACPTA Ruta 27 Miguel Hidalgo, S.A. de C.V. (Tequex Branch)) Metro Chapultepec/Metro Toreo - Satélite/Tequex/Cementos/Ciudad Labor/Tultitlán.

• - Buses Circuito Hospitales") (Buses Circuito Hospitales Tlalnepantla") and Anexas, S.A., known as the Old Valley of Mexico")) Metro Cuatro Caminos - Satélite/Tlalnepantla Arboledas.

• - Integral buses Route 22 Atizapán"). Metro Cuatro Caminos - San Pedro Globo via Periférico and Av. Adolfo López Mateos.

It is worth mentioning that both CDMX dealers and the State of Mexico itself use buses with a front engine and hood as well as a rear and front door arrangement for boarding and alighting passengers, with relatively reduced capacity per unit, although many of these rolling materials have been involved in neglect and lack of maintenance. Since in times where Ruta 100 provided service to the area, urban standard buses with flat front and rear engine were used, which represented comfort as well as better service compared to the current units.

Likewise, many of the companies and routes of both entities have decided to stop occupying buses to reduce capacity with the use of vans, even though Periférico Norte is a high-traffic route that does require rolling stock as well as 12-meter and urban standard buses. For cost reasons, concessionaires occupy units that have a low acquisition cost to omit or reduce the maintenance of the units to a minimum.

Road Corridors of Mexico City

Likewise, some routes in Mexico City, in its mobility modernization program, have been reorganized as a business scheme, which in turn brings a renewed service scheme. At the moment, only one of the routes has made this change. (In these cases, being metropolitan road corridors, they must carry the tariff pyramid authorized by the State of Mexico to be able to serve the area, in this case Ciudad Satélite).

• - SIMESA") (Sistema Integral Metropolitano Satelite")) Metro Chapultepec/Metro Insurgentes/Paseo de la Reforma - Toreo/Echegaray/Satélite/Valle Dorado (Replaces Route 2, has 24-hour service).[9]​.

Ciudad Satélite is known for its excellent educational offering, which includes good private and public schools in the area, such as a campus of the University of the Valley of Mexico and the Acatlán Faculty of Higher Studies of the UNAM.

Some actors, athletes, artists and other personalities from Mexico live or lived in Ciudad Satélite.

• - Carlos Mercenario (1967). Mexican athlete specialized in race walking. Olympic silver medalist in Barcelona 1992.

• - Soraya Jiménez (1977-2013). Mexican weightlifter. Gold medalist in Sydney 2000 and the first Mexican athlete to win Olympic gold.

• - Dolores Knoll (Century). Mexican athlete who competed in Taekwondo. Bronze medalist at the 1991 World Taekwondo Championships.

• - Guillermo Allier (1935). Mexican badminton player. Member of the first and historic Mexican team that competed in the 1964 Badminton World Cup. 4-time national champion of Mexico.

• - Fernando Platas (1973). Diver "Salto (swimming)") and Mexican politician. Silver medalist in Sydney 2000.

• - Tacvba Coffee. Alternative rock band. The band was formed in 1989 and is from Ciudad Satélite.

• - José José (1948-2019). Mexican singer. Considered a musical icon in the second half of the century.

• - Lucero "Lucero (singer)") (1969). Mexican singer and actress.

• - Luis García Postigo (1969). Mexican soccer player and soccer commentator for TV Azteca.

• - The Castro Brothers. Quartet of singers created in 1940.

• - Mauritius Islands (1973). Mexican actor.

• - Thalía (1971). Mexican singer and actress.

• - Andrea Legarreta (1971). Actress and host of the Hoy program "Hoy (television program)"), on Televisa.

• - Manuel "El Loco" Valdés "Manuel Valdés (actor)") (1931-2020). First Mexican actor and comedian.

• - Tatiana "Tatiana (singer)") (1968). American and Mexican actress, television host and singer.

• - Beto The Apothecary (1931-2009). First Mexican actor and comedian.

• - Mariana Ochoa. Former member of the Mexican group OV7.

• - José Canela. Former member of CD9.

• - The Satellite Towers are the main and predominant icon of the area; the main entrance to the place and pride of its inhabitants. The colors of the towers have changed twice, in 1968 and 1989 and they have been proposed for the candidacy of Cultural Heritage of Humanity.

• - About Anillo Periférico "Anillo Periférico (Valle de México)"), there is an area with a variety of shops of all kinds as well as restaurants with practically all gastronomic styles and highly concentrated shopping centers such as Plaza Satélite and Mundo E") (although the latter is located in the municipality of Tlalnepantla). Plaza Satélite was inaugurated in 1971 and is the work of the architect Juan Sordo Madaleno. It was built to give commercial independence to the place and as one of the strategies to attract the subdivision. It was one of the first shopping centers in Mexico, currently the second largest in the metropolitan area after Centro Santa Fe.

• - Naucalli Park was built on land of the Ejido del Oro, and is now one of the few green areas north of Mexico City. It has large wooded areas, a skating rink, a bicycle rink, a culture center and a cafe. It is one of the lungs of this metropolitan area of ​​the city and a place very frequented by locals and visitors on weekends.

• - The Blue Zone became famous for its snow, ice cream and other culinary delights. This led to the area being a popular place to socialize. Until the 1990s it was famous for carrying out the traditional and so famous street drag races involving modified cars and motorcycles.

• - Satélite Complex: Architectural work by Javier Senosiain located in the Ciudad Satélite housing complex, on Circuito Economistas. This space, like many others by this architect, is not open to the public. Upon arriving at this property you will find an undulating façade that simulates two eagles with open wings. Inside there is a set of four semi-buried houses with curved and organic shapes that distinguish the architect Javier Senosiain in the philosophy of Organic Architecture.

• - Shopping Center Circuit: Precisely in this circuit and surrounding streets, dozens of large, medium and small businesses are located, the greatest exponent being the Plaza Satélite Shopping Center, which also has hospital services, laboratories, restaurants of all kinds, chains of specialized stores among others, being one of the most visited shopping areas. You can also find various aesthetics, beauty salons, bars and nightclubs that are part of the social life of the satellite city.

• - Plaza Satélite: One of the first shopping centers in Mexico and one of the most influential today due to its sales volume.

• - Part of the text by Juan Villoro, where mention is made of Ciudad Satélite and its relationship in the expansion of the urban area of ​​Mexico City.

• - Here Satélite, the First Virtual Magazine of Ciudad Satélite and Surroundings, with its sections: Satélite Classics, Satélite Flavors. What's New in Satellite, Family, Entrepreneurship, Technology, Music and more. Since 2011.

• - Ciudad Satélite TV The most important information portal in the area in news, culture and entertainment.