Runoff management
Introduction
Surface waters are those that are found on the surface of the planet. This is produced by runoff generated from precipitation or by the outcropping of groundwater. They can occur in a flowing form, as in the case of currents, rivers and streams, or still in the case of lakes, reservoirs, reservoirs, lagoons, wetlands, estuaries, oceans and seas.[1].
For regulatory purposes, surface water is usually defined as any water open to the atmosphere and subject to surface runoff. Once produced, surface water follows the path of least resistance. A series of streams, creeks, streams and rivers carry water from downsloping areas to a main watercourse.
A drainage area is often referred to as a drainage basin or watershed.
Water quality is strongly influenced by where in the basin it is diverted for use. The quality of streams, rivers and streams varies according to seasonal flows and can change significantly due to precipitation and accidental spills. Lakes, reservoirs, reservoirs and lagoons generally have less sediment than rivers, however they are subject to microbiological activity. Still bodies of water, such as lakes and reservoirs, age over a relatively long period as a result of natural processes. This aging process is influenced by microbiological activity that is directly related to nutrient levels in the body of water and can be accelerated by human activity.
Types of surface water
Contenido
Se pueden distinguir dos tipos.[2].
Lotic or flowing waters
They are masses of water that always move in the same direction such as rivers, springs, streams, streams.
Lentic waters
Still or stagnant interior waters such as lakes, lagoons, ponds, wetlands and swamps are called lentic waters.
From another point of view they can be classified as:.