Rotary dampers
Introduction
A hydraulic shock absorber is a mechanical device that opposes movement through viscous friction.[1] The resulting force is proportional to the speed, but acts in the opposite direction,[2] slowing movement and absorbing energy. It is usually used in conjunction with a spring (which acts to resist displacement). The process and instrumentation diagram (P&ID) symbol for a damper is .
Guys
Contenido
Los dos tipos más comunes de amortiguadores son los lineales y los rotativos.
Linear damper
Linear dampers - or linear fulcrums - are used to exert a force opposite to a translational movement. They are generally specified by the stroke (amount of linear displacement) and the damping ratio (force times velocity).
Rotary damper
Likewise, rotary dampers will tend to oppose any torque applied to them, in an amount proportional to their rotational speed. Their damping coefficients will normally be specified by torque times angular velocity. Two types of viscous rotary dampers can be distinguished:[3].
Eddy current damper
A less common type of damper is the eddy current damper, which uses a large magnet inside a tube made of a nonmagnetic but conductive material (such as aluminum or copper). Like a common viscous damper, the eddy current damper produces a resistive force proportional to the speed. A common use of the eddy current absorber is in scales. This is a frictionless method that allows the scale to stop quickly.[4][5][6][7].
One-way operation
Shock absorbers typically use a unidirectional mechanical bypass to allow fast, unrestricted movement in one direction and slow movement with the shock absorber in the opposite direction. This allows, for example, a door to be opened quickly without added resistance, but then closed slowly using the damper. In the case of hydraulic shock absorbers, this unrestricted movement is achieved by a one-way check valve that allows fluid to bypass the constriction of the shock absorber. Non-hydraulic rotary shock absorbers may use a ratchet gear to allow free movement in one direction.