Hydraulic engineering is the branch of civil engineering that deals with the design and execution of works related to water, whether for the use of hydraulic energy, irrigation, purification, canalization "Canal (hydraulics)") or others, or for the construction of structures in seas, rivers, lakes or similar environments, including, for example, dikes, dams, canals "Canal (engineering)"), ports, docks (construction)"), locks, breakwaters, adaptation of other constructions. It has generated the term water engineering.[1].
Areas of activity
Hydraulic engineers are responsible for designing, building and operating hydraulic works, using mainly research, since hydraulic engineering is based, almost 90%, on experimental results. Leonardo da Vinci stated: «When dealing with water, consult practice first, and then theory». Much progress has been made since then, both ways. The theoretical formulations always use the most advanced mathematical instruments of each era, but in the end, an empirical coefficient always ends up appearing, an empirical formula, which is put into practice for its subsequent calibration. Once this is done, the validation of said formula or coefficient is verified, like any experimental test, thus allowing the practical problem to be solved, and which was determined based on experiments, both in the laboratory and in built and operating works.
Hydraulic engineers deal with:.
University education
In some universities there is a degree in hydraulic engineering, in Peru, the National University of Cajamarca has this specialty (see [1] Archived on September 23, 2015 at the Wayback Machine., as well as the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos with Fluid Mechanics Engineering [2] Archived July 26, 2016 at the Wayback Machine. It has two specialties: Thermo fluids and Hydraulics. The Hydraulic engineer specializes in the topics that have been previously discussed, focusing not only on the development, but also on the study of the appropriate location of said structures. and the application of genetic algorithms, the hydraulic engineering career has made great progress, allowing the hydraulic engineer to find solutions that are far from conventional ones and that, in addition to being viable, are more economically acceptable.
River engineering
Introduction
Hydraulic engineering is the branch of civil engineering that deals with the design and execution of works related to water, whether for the use of hydraulic energy, irrigation, purification, canalization "Canal (hydraulics)") or others, or for the construction of structures in seas, rivers, lakes or similar environments, including, for example, dikes, dams, canals "Canal (engineering)"), ports, docks (construction)"), locks, breakwaters, adaptation of other constructions. It has generated the term water engineering.[1].
Areas of activity
Hydraulic engineers are responsible for designing, building and operating hydraulic works, using mainly research, since hydraulic engineering is based, almost 90%, on experimental results. Leonardo da Vinci stated: «When dealing with water, consult practice first, and then theory». Much progress has been made since then, both ways. The theoretical formulations always use the most advanced mathematical instruments of each era, but in the end, an empirical coefficient always ends up appearing, an empirical formula, which is put into practice for its subsequent calibration. Once this is done, the validation of said formula or coefficient is verified, like any experimental test, thus allowing the practical problem to be solved, and which was determined based on experiments, both in the laboratory and in built and operating works.
Hydraulic engineers deal with:.
University education
In some universities there is a degree in hydraulic engineering, in Peru, the National University of Cajamarca has this specialty (see [1] Archived on September 23, 2015 at the Wayback Machine., as well as the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos with Fluid Mechanics Engineering [2] Archived July 26, 2016 at the Wayback Machine. It has two specialties: Thermo fluids and Hydraulics. The Hydraulic engineer specializes in the topics that have been previously discussed, focusing not only on the development, but also on the study of the appropriate location of said structures. and the application of genetic algorithms, the hydraulic engineering career has made great progress, allowing the hydraulic engineer to find solutions that are far from conventional ones and that, in addition to being viable, are more economically acceptable.
Likewise, the civil engineering and agricultural engineering careers study part of hydraulics, within these careers it is divided after the first 2 or 3 years into various specialties, one of which is hydraulics. From this division, different topics are emphasized for each specialty, however, many common topics are maintained for all civil engineering courses.
Both the civil engineer and the agricultural engineer during their university training simultaneously take the course in fluid mechanics (preceded by four levels of calculation, two in physics and by statics and dynamics), then take a course in pipe hydraulics or pressure flow and subsequently a course in open channel hydraulics, as well as a hydrology course. Afterwards, the civil engineer takes courses in aqueducts, sewage and port and coastal engineering, while the agricultural engineer takes courses in the design of irrigation systems, the design of drainage systems and, in parallel with the civil engineer, courses in hydraulic structures.
While the hydraulic engineer, in addition to taking the subjects that the civil engineer and the agricultural engineer take, continues studying subjects such as: Hydraulic laboratory, geographic information systems (GIS), canal hydraulics, underground hydrology, well hydraulics and environmental impact, thus perfecting the methods that are developed to date. Well, despite the advances that have been made years ago, in recent times countless studies have been carried out that have revealed that the methods for the study and development of this area are ambiguous and require improvement. Thanks to technology this is becoming possible.
Branches of hydraulic engineering
Contenido
Los temas tratados por la ingeniería hidráulica, siendo muy amplios, naturalmente permiten la especialización en los diversos temas. Estas especializaciones se logran mediante cursos de licenciatura, posgrado, maestrías, y doctorados. Algunas de estas ramas se presentan a seguir.
River engineering
The hydraulic engineer with specialization in fluvial hydraulics studies human interventions on rivers, whether for adaptation to the water resource use system, reducing the risk of damage due to flooding, or for the intersection of the river with an infrastructure work (road, railway, pipelines, etc.).[2].
The river engineer must also have knowledge of hydrology, solid transport, river dynamics and river geomorphology.
Sanitary engineering
Sanitary engineering, due to its importance, is considered in many countries as a separate career, in other countries it is considered a specialization of hydraulic engineering. It is responsible for designing, building and operating:.
The Sanitary Engineer has solid knowledge of hydraulics, and also masters the physical, chemical and bacteriological processes related to water treatment, both for its purification and for its decontamination before being returned to the environment.
References
[1] ↑ «Ingeniería del agua». Revista Ingeniería del Agua (Valencia: Fundación para el Fomento de la Ingeniería del Agua (FFIA) y la International Water Association (IWA)) 21 (2). 2017. ISSN 1134-2196. Consultado el 6 de junio de 2017.: https://polipapers.upv.es/index.php/IA/index
Likewise, the civil engineering and agricultural engineering careers study part of hydraulics, within these careers it is divided after the first 2 or 3 years into various specialties, one of which is hydraulics. From this division, different topics are emphasized for each specialty, however, many common topics are maintained for all civil engineering courses.
Both the civil engineer and the agricultural engineer during their university training simultaneously take the course in fluid mechanics (preceded by four levels of calculation, two in physics and by statics and dynamics), then take a course in pipe hydraulics or pressure flow and subsequently a course in open channel hydraulics, as well as a hydrology course. Afterwards, the civil engineer takes courses in aqueducts, sewage and port and coastal engineering, while the agricultural engineer takes courses in the design of irrigation systems, the design of drainage systems and, in parallel with the civil engineer, courses in hydraulic structures.
While the hydraulic engineer, in addition to taking the subjects that the civil engineer and the agricultural engineer take, continues studying subjects such as: Hydraulic laboratory, geographic information systems (GIS), canal hydraulics, underground hydrology, well hydraulics and environmental impact, thus perfecting the methods that are developed to date. Well, despite the advances that have been made years ago, in recent times countless studies have been carried out that have revealed that the methods for the study and development of this area are ambiguous and require improvement. Thanks to technology this is becoming possible.
Branches of hydraulic engineering
Contenido
Los temas tratados por la ingeniería hidráulica, siendo muy amplios, naturalmente permiten la especialización en los diversos temas. Estas especializaciones se logran mediante cursos de licenciatura, posgrado, maestrías, y doctorados. Algunas de estas ramas se presentan a seguir.
River engineering
The hydraulic engineer with specialization in fluvial hydraulics studies human interventions on rivers, whether for adaptation to the water resource use system, reducing the risk of damage due to flooding, or for the intersection of the river with an infrastructure work (road, railway, pipelines, etc.).[2].
The river engineer must also have knowledge of hydrology, solid transport, river dynamics and river geomorphology.
Sanitary engineering
Sanitary engineering, due to its importance, is considered in many countries as a separate career, in other countries it is considered a specialization of hydraulic engineering. It is responsible for designing, building and operating:.
The Sanitary Engineer has solid knowledge of hydraulics, and also masters the physical, chemical and bacteriological processes related to water treatment, both for its purification and for its decontamination before being returned to the environment.
References
[1] ↑ «Ingeniería del agua». Revista Ingeniería del Agua (Valencia: Fundación para el Fomento de la Ingeniería del Agua (FFIA) y la International Water Association (IWA)) 21 (2). 2017. ISSN 1134-2196. Consultado el 6 de junio de 2017.: https://polipapers.upv.es/index.php/IA/index