Hazard Analysis and Risk-Based Preventive Controls or HARPC is a successor to the Hazard Analysis and Critical Points (HACCP) HACCP food safety system, established in the United States by the FDA's Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) of 2010.

Preventive control systems emphasize preventing hazards before they occur rather than detecting them after they occur.[1]​ The FDA published the rules in the Federal Register beginning in September 2015.[2]​ The first version of the rules addressed preventive controls for human foods and preventive controls for animal foods.[3]​ On November 13, 2015, they issued the Product Safety Final Rule, the Programs Final Rule. of Foreign Supplier Verification (FSVP) and the Accredited Third Party Certification Final Rule.[4]​ The Sanitary Transportation of Food for Humans and Animals final rule was issued on April 6, 2016 and the Mitigation Strategies to Protect Food from Intentional Adulteration (Food Defense) final rule was issued on May 27, 2016.[5]​.

All food companies in the United States that are required to register with the FDA under the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002, as well as companies outside the United States that export food to the United States, must have a written certificate in accordance with the FSMA Food Safety Plan established by the deadlines detailed below:.

Additionally, for the first time, food safety is being extended to pet food and animal feed, with companies given an additional year to implement Current Good Manufacturing Practices before a system of Preventive Controls the following year.

The FDA estimates that 73,000 companies currently fall under these definitions.