Contenido

Para cada uno de los contaminantes del inventario, las emisiones suelen estimarse multiplicando la intensidad de cada actividad pertinente ("tasa de actividad") en la zona geográfica y el período de tiempo con una constante de proporcionalidad dependiente del contaminante ("factor de emisión").

The types of activities that produce emissions

To prepare an emissions inventory, all sources of pollutants must be identified and quantified. The most used font categories are.

Both source categorizations make a clear distinction between fuel combustion-related (fossil) and non-combustion sources. In most cases, the specific fuel burned in the source is added to the definition of the source. Font categories include:.

The pollutants

Emission inventories have been prepared and continue to be prepared for two large groups of pollutants:

Geographic resolution

Typically, national inventories provide summary data only on the national territory. In some cases additional information is available on major industrial smokestacks ("point sources"). Chimneys are also called emission points, since not all emissions come from them. Other industrial sources include diffuse emissions, which cannot be attributed to a single emission point.

Some inventories are compiled from subnational entities such as states and counties (in the United States), which can provide additional spatial resolution.

In scientific applications, where broader resolutions are needed, geographic information, such as population densities, land use, or other data, can provide tools to disaggregate emissions at the national level to the required resolution, matching the geographic resolution of the model.

Temporal resolution

Similarly, national emissions inventories provide total emissions in a given year, based on national statistics. Higher temporal resolutions are needed in some modeling applications, for example when modeling air quality problems related to road transport. In these cases, data on time-dependent traffic intensities (peak hours, weekends and weekdays, summer and winter driving patterns, etc.) can be used to establish the required temporal resolution.

Inventories compiled from continuous emissions monitors (CEMs) can provide hourly emissions data.

Methodology to prepare an emissions inventory

The European Environment Agency updated the third edition of the inventory guide in 2007. The guide has been developed by the UNECE/EMEP Working Group on Emissions Inventories and Projections and provides detailed guidance on the methodology of air emissions inventories. Especially for road transport, the European Environment Agency funds COPERT 4"), a computer program to calculate emissions to be included in annual official national inventories.

The quality of an emissions inventory depends on its use. In regulatory use applications, the inventory must comply with everything that has been decided in the corresponding convention. Both the UNFCCC and LRTAP conventions require that an inventory follow the following quality criteria (see [3]​):

A well-constructed inventory should include sufficient documentation and other data to allow readers and users to understand the underlying assumptions and evaluate their usefulness in the intended application.

Contenido

Para cada uno de los contaminantes del inventario, las emisiones suelen estimarse multiplicando la intensidad de cada actividad pertinente ("tasa de actividad") en la zona geográfica y el período de tiempo con una constante de proporcionalidad dependiente del contaminante ("factor de emisión").

The types of activities that produce emissions

To prepare an emissions inventory, all sources of pollutants must be identified and quantified. The most used font categories are.

Both source categorizations make a clear distinction between fuel combustion-related (fossil) and non-combustion sources. In most cases, the specific fuel burned in the source is added to the definition of the source. Font categories include:.

The pollutants

Emission inventories have been prepared and continue to be prepared for two large groups of pollutants:

Geographic resolution

Typically, national inventories provide summary data only on the national territory. In some cases additional information is available on major industrial smokestacks ("point sources"). Chimneys are also called emission points, since not all emissions come from them. Other industrial sources include diffuse emissions, which cannot be attributed to a single emission point.

Some inventories are compiled from subnational entities such as states and counties (in the United States), which can provide additional spatial resolution.

In scientific applications, where broader resolutions are needed, geographic information, such as population densities, land use, or other data, can provide tools to disaggregate emissions at the national level to the required resolution, matching the geographic resolution of the model.

Temporal resolution

Similarly, national emissions inventories provide total emissions in a given year, based on national statistics. Higher temporal resolutions are needed in some modeling applications, for example when modeling air quality problems related to road transport. In these cases, data on time-dependent traffic intensities (peak hours, weekends and weekdays, summer and winter driving patterns, etc.) can be used to establish the required temporal resolution.

Inventories compiled from continuous emissions monitors (CEMs) can provide hourly emissions data.

Methodology to prepare an emissions inventory

The European Environment Agency updated the third edition of the inventory guide in 2007. The guide has been developed by the UNECE/EMEP Working Group on Emissions Inventories and Projections and provides detailed guidance on the methodology of air emissions inventories. Especially for road transport, the European Environment Agency funds COPERT 4"), a computer program to calculate emissions to be included in annual official national inventories.

The quality of an emissions inventory depends on its use. In regulatory use applications, the inventory must comply with everything that has been decided in the corresponding convention. Both the UNFCCC and LRTAP conventions require that an inventory follow the following quality criteria (see [3]​):

A well-constructed inventory should include sufficient documentation and other data to allow readers and users to understand the underlying assumptions and evaluate their usefulness in the intended application.