Refrigerator compressors
Introduction
A refrigeration machine (in English: Chiller) is a cyclic device that transfers thermal energy from a low temperature region to a high temperature region, thanks to the work provided from the outside,[1] generally by a Compressor (machine) "Compressor (machine)") moved by an electric motor, although there may be compressors driven by a thermal engine, as occurs in many vehicles. The cycles in which they operate are called refrigeration cycles, of which the most frequently used is the vapor compression refrigeration cycle. Another widely used cycle is the gas refrigeration cycle and also absorption refrigeration.
The working fluids used in these cycles are called refrigerant or refrigerant fluids, which in different parts of the machine undergo pressure, temperature and phase transformations (liquid or gaseous) and through which the transfer of energy is carried out.
Another device with identical characteristics is the heat pump. In reality, both are essentially the same devices, differing only in their objectives. The objective of the refrigeration machine is to extract heat from a cold space, to maintain its low temperature, transferring it or disposing of it in another area with a higher temperature.
The goal of a heat pump is to provide heat to a space to keep it warm, taking it from a low-temperature source, such as cold outside air or water from a well.
Compression refrigeration cycle
Contenido
El ciclo frigorífico más utilizado es el de compresión de vapor que es el inverso del de la máquina de Carnot. El ciclo de Carnot es totalmente reversible, por consiguiente todos los procesos que comprende pueden invertirse. El ciclo permanece exactamente igual, excepto que las direcciones de cualquier interacción de calor y de trabajo están invertidas.
Theoretical maximum CoP
Heat is absorbed in a quantity from the cold focus and deposited in the quantity in the hot focus, for which work is provided. The principles stated by Carnot[2] can be expressed here as follows:
The [3] for this machine, taking into account that the benefit obtained is the amount of heat extracted from the cold source, is:.