Radial urban planning
Introduction
The radioconcentric plan or centric radius[1] is a type of urban design that is characterized by having concentric ring avenues and radial streets or avenues (from the center to the periphery or vice versa).[2].
This design has the advantage that it allows easy and rapid circulation from the center to the periphery or in the opposite direction. It is more difficult to move from one point to another along the ring roads and visibility at the intersections between the ring roads or avenues and the radioconcentric ones is uncomfortable, because angles of 120° are formed. In addition to these problems, its subdivision is also complicated compared to the checkerboard plan. This type of plan, which has a central plaza or sculpture and from which streets begin to emerge, is the radial plan, invented by the great father of demography Ildefonso Cerdá.
The force of attraction or concentration exerted by large monuments is important, centralizing the structure of the entire city. Logically, the focus of the structure around the monument has a direct relationship with its use and meaning in local society. A building or monument for religious use will add its aesthetic value to its function. These types of buildings, such as cathedrals, abbeys, sanctuaries, cultural centers, town halls, etc., have great influence on the morphogenesis of the city.
Pierre Lavedan") states that in the organization of land uses in the plan "two guiding ideas are affirmed, envelopment and attraction." It means the envelopment by houses or dwellings of a building that is distinguished from others by its architectural beauty, and by its moral value, or by its impressive material solidity for defense: in general the religious temples (churches) that, as a morphogenetic element, generate the appearance of streets, avenues or paths that converge on it. The latter produces As a result, the appearance of the so-called radioconcentric planes, that is, made up of circumvalant streets or avenues and streets or avenues that converge in a center in a radial or radiocentric manner.
In the medieval West there are many plans that present these characteristics, some with greater approximation than others. As examples, Nördlingen and Havelberg in Germany can be cited; Vitoria and Pamplona in Spain and Aversa in Italy, among others.
References
- [1] ↑ «Fenómeno Urbano 3».: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Hc0k3DlVbzY
- [2] ↑ Benejam, Pilar (1 de noviembre de 1996). Horizonte, historia e geografía: primer año de Educación Media. Andrés Bello. p. 311. ISBN 978-84-316-3522-0. Consultado el 30 de diciembre de 2012.: http://books.google.es/books?id=xPB_jvo8nA0C&pg=PA311&dq=plano+irregular,+plano+radioc%C3%A9ntrico,+plano+ortogonal.&hl=ca&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=plano%20irregular%2C%20plano%20radioc%C3%A9ntrico%2C%20plano%20ortogonal.&f=false