Protection deposits
Introduction
Controlled Deposits are treatment facilities that are at the end of the waste management chain. Thus, the rejects of waste that cannot be recovered or reused, after prior management in a treatment plant, have the Controlled Deposit as their final destination.
During the last decades, the design and operation of controlled deposits has changed substantially from the old landfill concept "Landfill (garbage)"), used during the 80s and much of the 90s, until the appearance, at the end of the 90s, of the multi-barrier deposit concept. Recently, the concept of sustainable deposits has also spread, of which there are some experiences worldwide.
Characteristics of the “TRADITIONAL Landfill”
• - High organic load of the deposited waste.
• - Strong environmental impact due to little or no emissions control.
• - Slow and incomplete degradation of organic compounds that greatly prolongs the stabilization of the system.
• - High leachate production with high organic load.
• - Slowing down of differential settlement processes that causes a considerable loss of useful space.
• - Very long and very expensive post-closure surveillance periods.
Characteristics of the Multibarrier Controlled Deposit
Contenido
El depósito controlado multibarrera respecto el vertedero "Vertedero (basura)") tradicional incorpora:.
• - Exhaustivo control de las emisiones mediante la construcción de sistemas de captación y tratamiento final de las mismas: biogás y lixiviados.
• - Un uso masivo de los geosintéticos como elementos constructivos de los sistemas de impermeabilización y drenaje.
• - La introducción de sistemas de control y vigilancia ambiental.
Todo ello implica una fuerte reducción de las afecciones al medio.
Desde el año 2001, el marco regulador es el Real Decreto 1481/2001, de 27 de diciembre, por el que se regula la eliminación de residuos mediante depósito en vertedero, transposición del texto legislativo de la Unión Europea 1999/31/CE relativa a la eliminación de residuos, sin perjuicio de las facultades de las Comunidades Autónomas de establecer normas adicionales de protección.[1].