Promise of sale contract
Introduction
In Spain, the contract of sale, according to article 1445 of the Civil Code, is that contract that gives rise to synallagmatic obligations for the contracting parties, so that the seller will be obliged to deliver a certain thing "Thing (Right)"), while the buyer will have the obligation to pay a certain price in money or a sign that represents it.
The sale and purchase is one of the contractual figures of greatest historical importance, since being the legal tool used to carry out the trade of goods, it will have immense significance in the socioeconomic order.
The regulation that the Civil Code makes of the sales contract is as extensive as it is deficient, technically speaking. It should be added that given the time when the Code was drafted, it deals with a large number of topics of great past importance, but of a manifestly archaic nature.
Items
Contenido
La figura contractual de la compraventa, al estar incluida dentro de la categoría de contratos típicos o nominados, posee un contenido de márgenes definidos, legal y jurisprudencialmente. Así, se precisa el objeto posible, se especifican las características de la contraprestación o precio, y se regulan las obligaciones que surgirán para ambas partes.
Hay que destacar que tal regulación suele consistir en un conjunto de normas de carácter dispositivo, susceptibles de ser omitidas en virtud del principio de autonomía de la voluntad, constituyendo, en muchos casos, elementos naturales del contrato (elementos que se presuponen aunque las partes no los mencionen, y que pueden ser suprimidos o alterados por voluntad de éstas).
En otras ocasiones, se establecen normas imperativas, que no pueden ser anuladas o modificadas por voluntad de las partes. No obstante, son minoría en la figura, al igual que sucede con la mayor parte del Derecho privado.
Object
The thing "Thing (Right)"), object of the sales contract, must be:
Price
The price to be paid must be certain and determinable, and will consist of money or a sign that represents it. If this essential requirement is not met, the benefits of both parties would consist of the delivery of something, so the resulting figure would be an exchange.