A personal mobility vehicle (VMP) is a type of generally recent (20th century) single-seat vehicle designed for micromobility. It is characterized by being powered exclusively by electric motors and reaching a maximum speed of no more than .

Due to their growing popularity, the laws of many countries are considering how to classify them and regulate their use.

Some types of personal mobility vehicles include electric scooters, self-balancing unicycles, self-balancing two-wheeled boards (hoverboards), and gyropods such as the Segway.

Electric bicycles are not usually considered as such, since they combine their propulsion through an electric motor with the user's own pedaling.

Spain

On December 30, 2020, Royal Decree 970/2020 came into force, modifying the General Vehicle Regulations and the General Traffic Regulations. The new regulation defined the personal mobility vehicle as a "vehicle with one or more wheels equipped with a single seat and propelled exclusively by electric motors that can provide the vehicle with a maximum speed by design between 6 and 25 km/h."[2] This definition excludes vehicles for people with reduced mobility, competition vehicles, "vehicles equipped with a seat but not a self-balancing system"), vehicles with a working voltage greater than 100 VDC or 240 VAC and two- and three-wheeled motor vehicles and quadricycles already covered by Regulation No. 168/2013 of the European Parliament and of the Council.[2]​[3]​.

VMPs are thus considered vehicles for all purposes, the obligations of their drivers being equal to those of drivers of other vehicles in relation to the blood alcohol level, the prohibition of driving under the influence of drugs or the use of headphones and mobile phones.[4]​.