Patrick Schumacher
Introduction
Parametric architecture is a current of contemporary architecture that uses algorithms, mathematical rules and generative processes to design shapes and spaces. It is based on the use of computer-aided design software that allows modifying parameters and obtaining multiple formal variations from the same model.
History
The origin of parametric design dates back to the end of the century with the incorporation of 3D modeling programs and visual programming languages such as Generative Components (Bentley) or Grasshopper 3D. Architect Zaha Hadid and her partner Patrik Schumacher) promoted the idea of "parametricism" as a new style at the 2008 Venice Biennale.
Characteristics
• - Use of parameters and algorithms to generate shapes.
• - Digital models that can adapt to changes in context.
• - Possibility to explore complex geometries such as free surfaces, double curvature and organic patterns.
• - High dependence on software and computational processes.
• - Association with futuristic and fluid aesthetics.
Featured Examples
• - The Heydar Aliyev Center in Baku, designed by Zaha Hadid.
• - The Yas Hotel in Abu Dhabi, with illuminated parametric façade.
• - Experimental pavilions developed by institutes such as the ICD/ITKE of the University of Stuttgart.
Criticism and debates
Some theorists point out that parametric architecture focuses excessively on form and geometric complexity, while others highlight its ability to integrate environmental, social and structural data into the design process.
• - Kinetic architecture").
• - Generative design.
• - Computer aided design.