Definition and general context of joints in construction

Joints in construction are essential elements that allow managing tensions, movements and deformations in various structures. Although there are well-known types such as expansion joints and construction joints, this article addresses other less conventional or specific types of joints that fulfill particular functions within different construction systems.

These other types of joints are used to solve specific problems associated with the interaction of materials, differential movements, or sealing against external agents, expanding the technical and functional possibilities in civil, industrial and architectural works.

Control boards

Control joints are grooves or cuts made in concrete elements to control the appearance of shrinkage cracks. Unlike expansion joints, they do not allow significant movement, but rather induce a controlled fracture at a given point to maintain structural integrity.

These joints are usually made in pavements, slabs and walls and are designed considering the geometry and properties of the material to anticipate where cracking will occur. Its correct placement is essential to avoid uncontrolled and costly damage to the structure.

Control joint design involves prior studies of shrinkage, temperature and other environmental factors to determine the optimal distance and depth of cut.

Construction joints

Construction joints occur when a structure is built in stages and there is an interruption in the process of pouring concrete or placing materials. These joints mark the boundary between two construction phases and must be designed to ensure functional and structural continuity.

Its correct execution requires surface preparation, cleaning and, sometimes, placement of joining elements such as reinforcement or anchoring devices. In addition, adequate sealing must be ensured to prevent leaks or corrosion.