Occupational health is the set of activities associated with multidisciplinary disciplines, whose objective is the promotion and maintenance of the highest possible degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers[1] of all professions, promoting the adaptation of work to the person and of the person to their work.
Origin of the definition
In 1950, the first session of the joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational Health was established, establishing in said session the operational definition of the term.[2].
However, the use in the Spanish language by different means has some differences in terms of considering this discipline as synonymous or not with occupational medicine, occupational medicine or occupational health. These differences have been clarified with the development and implementation of the principles established in the definition of occupational health, as a multidisciplinary entity, within whose branches are:
and includes legal, engineering, social and other health disciplines.[3].
History
The term occupational health is directly related to the English term occupational health, which has also been translated as occupational health or health at work"), deriving from this last translation the homology with occupational medicine, as can be seen when comparing the English and Spanish versions of the Encyclopedia of health and safety at work.[4].
In 1986, the meeting of experts of the Region of the Americas, organized by the Pan American Health Organization, used the following definition: “It is the set of scientific knowledge and techniques aimed at promoting, protecting and maintaining the health and well-being of the working population, through measures directed at the worker, at the working conditions and environment and at the community, through the identification, evaluation and control of the conditions and factors that affect health and the promotion of actions that favor it.” Adding below "The development of occupational health must be achieved with the participation and cooperation of workers, employers, government sectors, institutions and associations involved. To plan and put it into practice, interdisciplinary cooperation and the constitution of a team, of which the workers' doctor must be a part, is necessary."[3].
Occupational medical examination
Introduction
Occupational health is the set of activities associated with multidisciplinary disciplines, whose objective is the promotion and maintenance of the highest possible degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers[1] of all professions, promoting the adaptation of work to the person and of the person to their work.
Origin of the definition
In 1950, the first session of the joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational Health was established, establishing in said session the operational definition of the term.[2].
However, the use in the Spanish language by different means has some differences in terms of considering this discipline as synonymous or not with occupational medicine, occupational medicine or occupational health. These differences have been clarified with the development and implementation of the principles established in the definition of occupational health, as a multidisciplinary entity, within whose branches are:
and includes legal, engineering, social and other health disciplines.[3].
History
The term occupational health is directly related to the English term occupational health, which has also been translated as occupational health or health at work"), deriving from this last translation the homology with occupational medicine, as can be seen when comparing the English and Spanish versions of the Encyclopedia of health and safety at work.[4].
In 1986, the meeting of experts of the Region of the Americas, organized by the Pan American Health Organization, used the following definition: “It is the set of scientific knowledge and techniques aimed at promoting, protecting and maintaining the health and well-being of the working population, through measures directed at the worker, at the working conditions and environment and at the community, through the identification, evaluation and control of the conditions and factors that affect health and the promotion of actions that favor it.” Adding below "The development of occupational health must be achieved with the participation and cooperation of workers, employers, government sectors, institutions and associations involved. To plan and put it into practice, interdisciplinary cooperation and the constitution of a team, of which the workers' doctor must be a part, is necessary."[3].
In 1919, the so-called social stage of Occupational Medicine was born, with the Treaty of Versailles, establishing in its section In 1950, through its Joint Committee, it set the objectives of Occupational Medicine, its aspiration being: "The promotion and conservation of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations; the prevention among workers of health deviations caused by their working conditions; the protection of workers from risks that may be adverse to their health; placing and keeping the worker in an environment adapted to their physiological conditions; and to summarize, the adaptation of work to man. and a decade man to his work.”[5].
The care of workers against diseases in general or occupational diseases and accidents resulting from their work are reflected in the ILO Constitution. However, more recent global estimates from the ILO state that 2.78 million work-related deaths occur each year, of which 2.4 million are related to occupational diseases. This not only translates into suffering for workers and their families, it also leads to enormous economic costs for companies, countries and the world in general. Thus, there are losses related to compensation, working hours, production interruptions, training and professional retraining, and high health care costs. For employers, this translates into costly early retirements, loss of qualified staff, absenteeism and high insurance premiums. These tragedies could be avoided with the adoption of rational methods of prevention, notification and inspection and in this sense, it is the ILO that, through standards on safety and health at work, provides governments, employers and workers with the necessary instruments to develop these prevention methods and guarantee maximum safety at work.
The ILO celebrates World Day for Safety and Health at Work on April 28 to promote the prevention of work accidents and occupational diseases around the world. This is an awareness campaign whose objective is to focus international attention on new trends in the field of safety and health at work and on the magnitude of work-related injuries, illnesses and deaths.[6].
In 2020, this date was commemorated under the slogan "World Day for Safety and Health at Work 2020 - Let's stop the pandemic: safety and health at work can save lives." All this, recognizing the great challenge faced by governments, employers, workers and all societies around the world to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Day for Health and Safety at Work focused on addressing the outbreak of infectious diseases at work, paying special attention to the COVID-19 pandemic.[7].
Goals
In this context, 3 specific objectives are defined:
References
[1] ↑ Leguizamón, María Angélica; Samudio, Margarita; Maldonado, Marisel; Páez, Malvina (1 de diciembre de 2016). «Productividad de la Revista Memorias del IICS, periodo 2005-2015». Memorias del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud 14 (3): 62-72. ISSN 1817-4620. doi:10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2016.014(03)62-072. Consultado el 1 de mayo de 2020. - [https://dx.doi.org/10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2016.014(03)62-072](https://dx.doi.org/10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2016.014(03)62-072)
[8] ↑ Vern, Putz-anderson (1992). «Cumulative trauma disorders: A manual for musculoskeletal diseases of the upper limbs.». En Taylor & Francis., ed. Cumulative trauma disorders: A manual for musculoskeletal diseases of the upper limbs. Taylor & Francis. |fechaacceso= requiere |url= (ayuda).
In 1919, the so-called social stage of Occupational Medicine was born, with the Treaty of Versailles, establishing in its section In 1950, through its Joint Committee, it set the objectives of Occupational Medicine, its aspiration being: "The promotion and conservation of the highest degree of physical, mental and social well-being of workers in all occupations; the prevention among workers of health deviations caused by their working conditions; the protection of workers from risks that may be adverse to their health; placing and keeping the worker in an environment adapted to their physiological conditions; and to summarize, the adaptation of work to man. and a decade man to his work.”[5].
The care of workers against diseases in general or occupational diseases and accidents resulting from their work are reflected in the ILO Constitution. However, more recent global estimates from the ILO state that 2.78 million work-related deaths occur each year, of which 2.4 million are related to occupational diseases. This not only translates into suffering for workers and their families, it also leads to enormous economic costs for companies, countries and the world in general. Thus, there are losses related to compensation, working hours, production interruptions, training and professional retraining, and high health care costs. For employers, this translates into costly early retirements, loss of qualified staff, absenteeism and high insurance premiums. These tragedies could be avoided with the adoption of rational methods of prevention, notification and inspection and in this sense, it is the ILO that, through standards on safety and health at work, provides governments, employers and workers with the necessary instruments to develop these prevention methods and guarantee maximum safety at work.
The ILO celebrates World Day for Safety and Health at Work on April 28 to promote the prevention of work accidents and occupational diseases around the world. This is an awareness campaign whose objective is to focus international attention on new trends in the field of safety and health at work and on the magnitude of work-related injuries, illnesses and deaths.[6].
In 2020, this date was commemorated under the slogan "World Day for Safety and Health at Work 2020 - Let's stop the pandemic: safety and health at work can save lives." All this, recognizing the great challenge faced by governments, employers, workers and all societies around the world to combat the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Day for Health and Safety at Work focused on addressing the outbreak of infectious diseases at work, paying special attention to the COVID-19 pandemic.[7].
Goals
In this context, 3 specific objectives are defined:
References
[1] ↑ Leguizamón, María Angélica; Samudio, Margarita; Maldonado, Marisel; Páez, Malvina (1 de diciembre de 2016). «Productividad de la Revista Memorias del IICS, periodo 2005-2015». Memorias del Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Salud 14 (3): 62-72. ISSN 1817-4620. doi:10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2016.014(03)62-072. Consultado el 1 de mayo de 2020. - [https://dx.doi.org/10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2016.014(03)62-072](https://dx.doi.org/10.18004/mem.iics/1812-9528/2016.014(03)62-072)
[8] ↑ Vern, Putz-anderson (1992). «Cumulative trauma disorders: A manual for musculoskeletal diseases of the upper limbs.». En Taylor & Francis., ed. Cumulative trauma disorders: A manual for musculoskeletal diseases of the upper limbs. Taylor & Francis. |fechaacceso= requiere |url= (ayuda).