The device that measures air flow is called an anemometer. Anemometers are also used to measure air speed and airflow indoors.

There are a wide variety of types, including straight probe anemometers, designed to measure air velocity, differential pressure, temperature and humidity; rotating vane anemometers, used to measure air velocity and volumetric flow; and hot sphere anemometers.

Anemometers can use resistive or ultrasonic wire to measure the transfer of energy between the measuring instrument and nearby particles. A hot wire anemometer, for example, records the decrease in temperature in the wire, which can be translated into the speed of the air flow by analyzing the rate of change. Some tools can measure airflow, wet bulb temperature, dew point, and turbulence.

Airflow can be simulated using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model, or observed experimentally using a wind tunnel. This can be used to predict airflow patterns around cars, airplanes and ships, as well as air penetration into the shell of a building.

One type of tool that regulates air flow in ducts is known as a damper. The damper can be used to increase, reduce or completely stop the airflow. A more complex device that, in addition to regulating the air flow, also has the ability to generate and condition it, is an air conditioner.

Measuring airflow is necessary for many applications, such as ventilation (to determine how much air is replaced), pneumatic conveying (to control air velocity and conveying phase),[5]​ and engines (to control air-fuel ratio).

Aerodynamics is the branch of fluid dynamics (physics) that specializes in the measurement, simulation and control of air flow. Studying airflow is a topic that applies to many fields, including meteorology, aeronautics, medicine,[6] mechanical, civil and environmental engineering, and construction science.

In construction, it refers to airflow because of its desirability, for example, in contrasting ventilation and infiltration. Ventilation is defined as the desired flow of fresh air supply from the outside to another room, typically inside, simultaneous with the expulsion of air from the inside to the outside. This can be achieved through technical measures or passive strategies (also known as natural ventilation). Conversely, air infiltration is characterized as the uncontrolled influx of air through an improperly sealed building, along with the unintentional leak of conditioned air from the interior of the building to the exterior.[7]​.

Buildings can be ventilated using mechanical systems, strategies or passive systems, or a combination of both.[8]​.

La ventilación mecánica utiliza ventiladores para inducir el flujo de aire hacia dentro del edificio, así como su afluencia dentro de este. La configuración y colocación de los conductos afectan a las proporciones de corriente de aire dentro del sistema. Los amortiguadores, las válvulas, las juntas y otros cambios geométricos o materiales, dentro de un conducto, pueden resultar en fugas del flujo.[2]​.

Passive strategies to maximize airflow

Passive ventilation strategies take advantage of the inherent characteristics of air, specifically buoyancy and differential pressure, to expel exhausted air into the building. The cumulative effect is equivalent to using chimneys or similar tall spaces, with openings near the ceiling, to draw exhausted air up and out of the room, thanks to the fact that air rises when the temperature increases (as the volume increases and the pressure decreases). Passive ventilation directed by air depends on the configuration of the building, its orientation, and the distribution of openings to take advantage of the movement of outside air. Cross ventilation needs strategically positioned openings aligned with local air patterns.

Relationship between air movement, thermal comfort and overall Indoor Environmental Quality (IEC)

Airflow is a factor to consider when designing for the tenant's thermal comfort standards (such as ASHRAE 55). Changing rates of air movement can impact, positively or negatively, an individual's perception of hot or cold and, therefore, their comfort.[9] Air velocity interacts with its temperature, its relative humidity, its radiant temperature of surrounding surfaces and occupants, and the conductivity of the occupant's skin, resulting in particular thermal sensations.

The design of a controlled airflow (ventilation) is important for indoor environmental quality (IEC) and indoor air quality (IAQ), because they provide the necessary supply of clean air and effectively evacuate exhausted air.

• - Volumetric flow.

• - Fluid dynamics.

• - Earth's atmosphere.

• - Anemometer.

• - Computational fluid dynamics.

• - Ventilation "Ventilation (architecture)") (architecture).

• - Laminar flow.

• - Turbulent flow.

• - Wind.

• - Wikimedia Commons hosts a multimedia category on the air current.

• - This work contains a translation derived from "Airflow" from Wikipedia in English, specifically this version, published by its editors under the GNU Free Documentation License and the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

The device that measures air flow is called an anemometer. Anemometers are also used to measure air speed and airflow indoors.

There are a wide variety of types, including straight probe anemometers, designed to measure air velocity, differential pressure, temperature and humidity; rotating vane anemometers, used to measure air velocity and volumetric flow; and hot sphere anemometers.

Anemometers can use resistive or ultrasonic wire to measure the transfer of energy between the measuring instrument and nearby particles. A hot wire anemometer, for example, records the decrease in temperature in the wire, which can be translated into the speed of the air flow by analyzing the rate of change. Some tools can measure airflow, wet bulb temperature, dew point, and turbulence.

Airflow can be simulated using a computational fluid dynamic (CFD) model, or observed experimentally using a wind tunnel. This can be used to predict airflow patterns around cars, airplanes and ships, as well as air penetration into the shell of a building.

One type of tool that regulates air flow in ducts is known as a damper. The damper can be used to increase, reduce or completely stop the airflow. A more complex device that, in addition to regulating the air flow, also has the ability to generate and condition it, is an air conditioner.

Measuring airflow is necessary for many applications, such as ventilation (to determine how much air is replaced), pneumatic conveying (to control air velocity and conveying phase),[5]​ and engines (to control air-fuel ratio).

Aerodynamics is the branch of fluid dynamics (physics) that specializes in the measurement, simulation and control of air flow. Studying airflow is a topic that applies to many fields, including meteorology, aeronautics, medicine,[6] mechanical, civil and environmental engineering, and construction science.

In construction, it refers to airflow because of its desirability, for example, in contrasting ventilation and infiltration. Ventilation is defined as the desired flow of fresh air supply from the outside to another room, typically inside, simultaneous with the expulsion of air from the inside to the outside. This can be achieved through technical measures or passive strategies (also known as natural ventilation). Conversely, air infiltration is characterized as the uncontrolled influx of air through an improperly sealed building, along with the unintentional leak of conditioned air from the interior of the building to the exterior.[7]​.

Buildings can be ventilated using mechanical systems, strategies or passive systems, or a combination of both.[8]​.

La ventilación mecánica utiliza ventiladores para inducir el flujo de aire hacia dentro del edificio, así como su afluencia dentro de este. La configuración y colocación de los conductos afectan a las proporciones de corriente de aire dentro del sistema. Los amortiguadores, las válvulas, las juntas y otros cambios geométricos o materiales, dentro de un conducto, pueden resultar en fugas del flujo.[2]​.

Passive strategies to maximize airflow

Passive ventilation strategies take advantage of the inherent characteristics of air, specifically buoyancy and differential pressure, to expel exhausted air into the building. The cumulative effect is equivalent to using chimneys or similar tall spaces, with openings near the ceiling, to draw exhausted air up and out of the room, thanks to the fact that air rises when the temperature increases (as the volume increases and the pressure decreases). Passive ventilation directed by air depends on the configuration of the building, its orientation, and the distribution of openings to take advantage of the movement of outside air. Cross ventilation needs strategically positioned openings aligned with local air patterns.

Relationship between air movement, thermal comfort and overall Indoor Environmental Quality (IEC)

Airflow is a factor to consider when designing for the tenant's thermal comfort standards (such as ASHRAE 55). Changing rates of air movement can impact, positively or negatively, an individual's perception of hot or cold and, therefore, their comfort.[9] Air velocity interacts with its temperature, its relative humidity, its radiant temperature of surrounding surfaces and occupants, and the conductivity of the occupant's skin, resulting in particular thermal sensations.

The design of a controlled airflow (ventilation) is important for indoor environmental quality (IEC) and indoor air quality (IAQ), because they provide the necessary supply of clean air and effectively evacuate exhausted air.

• - Volumetric flow.

• - Fluid dynamics.

• - Earth's atmosphere.

• - Anemometer.

• - Computational fluid dynamics.

• - Ventilation "Ventilation (architecture)") (architecture).

• - Laminar flow.

• - Turbulent flow.

• - Wind.

• - Wikimedia Commons hosts a multimedia category on the air current.

• - This work contains a translation derived from "Airflow" from Wikipedia in English, specifically this version, published by its editors under the GNU Free Documentation License and the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.