Multi-sensor monitoring networks
Introduction
Data fusion or sensor fusion (multi-sensor) refers to the synergistic use of information from different sensors to achieve a task required by the system.
Data fusion is of special importance in any application where a large amount of data must be combined, merged and grouped to obtain the appropriate quality and integrity of the decisions to be made.
These are some of the fundamental limitations of a system based on a single sensing source compared to multi-sensor systems:
• - The observations made by each of the sensors are uncertain and occasionally incorrect, a single-sensor system does not have the possibility of reducing uncertainty.
• - Different types of sensors can provide different information, but a single sensor cannot cover all tasks.
• - Failure of a single sensor results in complete system failure.
• - A single sensor can provide only partial information about its operating environment.
The advantages of data fusion from multiple sensors are:.
• - Redundant information can reduce uncertainty and increase the precision with which characteristics are perceived by the system.
• - Multiple sensors delivering redundant information increase reliability in case of sensor errors or failure.
• - Complementary information from several sensors allows the perceived environment to be characterized in a way that would be impossible to perceive using only the information from each sensor separately.
Data fusion or sensor fusion and integration is present in areas of robotics, biomedical systems, military systems, monitoring equipment, remote sensing, transportation systems, process control and information systems.
Data fusion is of particular importance in driving through autonomous systems in all their applications. In principle, the autonomous data fusion process allows measurements and information to be combined to deliver knowledge that is complete and complete enough to make the decisions that have been proposed.
Paradigms of data fusion and integration
Hierarchical structures allow efficient representation of different forms,
levels, and resolution of the information used by sensor processing and control.