Motor control cards
Introduction
A servomotor (also called servo) is a device similar to a direct current motor that has the ability to be located in any position within its operating range, and remain stable in that position.[1].
The servomotor is an electric motor that has a built-in regulation system that can be controlled in both speed and position.
It is possible to modify a servomotor to provide direct current that, although it no longer has the control capacity of the servo, retains the force, speed and low inertia that characterizes these devices.
Characteristics
It is made up of a motor and a control circuit. Also proportional power for mechanical loads. A servo therefore has reduced power consumption.
The current required depends on the size of the servo. Normally the manufacturer indicates what current it consumes. The current depends primarily on torque, and can exceed one ampere if the servo is latched.
In other words, a servomotor is a special motor to which a control system (electronic card), a potentiometer and a set of gears have been added. Previously servomotors did not allow the motor to rotate 360 degrees, only approximately 180; However, today there are servomotors in which their position and speed can be controlled in 360 degrees. Servomotors are commonly used in modeling such as airplanes, ships, helicopters and trains to effectively control motor and steering systems.
Control
Contenido
Los servomotores hacen uso de la modulación por ancho de pulsos (PWM) para controlar la dirección o posición de los motores de corriente continua. La mayoría trabaja en la frecuencia de los 50 hertz, así las señales PWM tendrán un periodo de veinte milisegundos. La electrónica dentro del servomotor responderá al ancho de la señal modulada. Si los circuitos dentro del servomotor reciben una señal de entre 1 a 1,4 milisegundos, este se moverá en sentido horario; entre 1,6 a 2 milisegundos moverá el servomotor en sentido antihorario; 1,5 milisegundos representa un estado neutro para los servomotores estándares. A continuación se exponen ejemplos de cada caso:.