Mobility management
Introduction
Transportation demand management or transportation demand management (in English: Transportation Demand Management, abbreviated TDM)[1][2] is the set of policies, strategies and plans aimed at producing a decrease in the demand "Demand (economy)") for automobile travel, in order to promote sustainable mobility.
Beginning
Transportation demand management seeks to meet the mobility needs of all people in an efficient, intelligent and sustainable way. This idea arises from the impossibility of providing the infrastructure that transportation demands (from English Predict & Provide).
Transportation demand management has several dimensions:
History
The original concept of TDM dates back to the 1970s and early 1980s, as a response to the global economic impacts caused by the rapid rise in oil prices during the oil crisis of 1973 and the second crisis of 1979. The original objectives of TDM sought to reduce the consumption of oil-produced energy, improve air quality and reduce traffic congestion during peak periods. Initially the strategies were oriented towards providing attractive alternatives for rush hour trips with a single occupant in the vehicle. Today, the concept of TDM has been expanded to seek sustainable solutions to optimize the operation of the urban transportation system, both for trips during and outside of rush hour, and for recurring or occasional events.[4] In addition, technological advances have allowed the implementation of novel solutions that were not feasible in the past, such as the use of geographic information systems (GIS or GIS, in its English acronym) on board vehicles, electronic toll collection, "smart traffic lights"), and in general the entire set of solutions known as Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS, in its English acronym for Intelligent Transportation Systems).