An underground mine is that exploitation of mining resources "Mine (mining)") that takes place below the surface of the land.

The exploitation of a deposit "Deposit (geology)") by underground mining is carried out when its open pit extraction is not possible for economic, social or environmental reasons.

For underground mining, it is necessary to build tunnels, shafts, chimneys&action=edit&redlink=1 "Chimney (geology) (not yet written)") and galleries&action=edit&redlink=1 "Gallery (geology) (not yet written)"), as well as chambers. The most commonly used methods are through tunnels and pillars, caving, cut and fill mining*, sublevel stopping (Sublevel Stopping) and storage chambers (Shrinkage).

They can be divided into two types, according to their position with respect to the level of the valley floor:

But there is also a possible collapse, which is why great machinery and good communication are used to avoid it (conditioning economic factors).

Conditioning economic factors: Availability of good and low-cost labor, good communication routes, all machinery in good condition and political support.

Conditioning natural factors: The location of the deposit, since it depends on the geological structure of the territory and the ease of extraction. And it improves people's work so that they do not have unemployment and it is a profitable investment.