The mine closure plan or mine closure is an environmental management instrument in Peru that structures the actions to be carried out to rehabilitate the area used or disturbed by mining activity so that it becomes a healthy and suitable environment for the development of life and landscape preservation.[1]​.

The closure of mines does not constitute a cessation of mining activities, the mining concession is only lost due to expiration, abandonment, nullity, resignation and cancellation.[2]​.

The closure of mines is regulated in Peru based on law no. 28090, Law that regulates the closure of mines, promulgated on October 13, 2003 and published in the official newspaper El Peruano on October 14, 2003. This law was modified by law no. 28507, promulgated on May 5, 2005 and published on May 8, 2005.[3]​.

According to article 5 of law no. 28090, Law that regulates the closure of mines:.

The owners of mining activities of exploitation and/or benefit and in some cases in exploration.[5]​.

It is presented at a conceptual level as part of the environmental management instrument and is then presented in detail when it is presented and approved before the operation phase of mining activities.[5]​.

The owners of the mining activity have the obligation to constitute an environmental guarantee that covers the estimated cost of the mine closure plan, environmental remediation and measures linked to negative environmental impacts identified by the competent environmental authority. These guarantees will be administered by the MINEM or the Regional Government, as the case may be.[5]​.

If the owner fails to comply with the obligations contained in the closure plan, he must provide access to the mining unit within 10 days to the competent environmental authority to prepare a report supporting the measures to be taken, without prejudice to the corresponding sanctions.[5]​.

When a project extends its useful life, the owner must update the environmental management instruments, including the environmental impact study and the mine closure plan. this modification of the closure plan within one year of approval of the EIA or when there is a significant change in the production process or at the request of the authority.[4][6]​.

The mine closure plan is a dynamic instrument that must be updated in the first instance three years after its approval and subsequently every five years. [2]​.