Metropolitan archaeological zones
Introduction
Los Pochotes is a Mexican archaeological zone located in the municipal seat of Chimalhuacán, east of the Metropolitan Zone of the Valley of Mexico, in the State of Mexico. The name comes from the Nahuatl word chimalli, which means shield or buckler, hua (possessive particle) and can (place), which would mean "Place of those who own shields"; The word Atenco is also Nahuatl; To “water”; tentli, “lip” and co, “place” and means “at the edge of the water.”[1] The old name of this municipality by its founders was “Chimalhuacantoyac”.
The Chimalhuacán glyph appears in the Quinatzin Codex"), symbolizing a shield or shield on a hill, having as an alternative interpretation the name Chimalltepetl = "Hill of the Shields" or "Site of the Shields"; with great probability referring to the "Chimalhuache" hill, a mountainous elevation that is located within the municipality and near which the central core of the town is located.[1].
It is considered one of the cradles of Mesoamerican man due to the discovery in 1984 of "The Man of Chimalhuacán", whose remains are approximately 12,000 years old. They have also found a mammoth tusk. Among the closest finds are sculptures, molcajetes.
History
Historical records establish that this altépetl was founded by Acolhuas, who spoke Chichimeca and Nahuatl, eventually they only spoke Nahuatl and joined the Acolhuas confederation, becoming a tributary state of Texcoco, and part of the Triple Alliance.[1].
The area is also called Los Pochotes, it has an important example of palace architecture from the Late Postclassic (1200-1521 AD) in the Valley of Mexico, which is rare. Even though this area was occupied from the preclassic period, the palace (tecpan "Tecpan (Tlatelolco)"), which can be seen corresponds to a Chichimeca altépetl from 1250 AD. C. Chimalhuacán was an important city, tributary to Texcoco.[2].
The Chimalhuacán lordship supported the kingdom of Texcoco, with whom it was part of the triple alliance participating in the defense of Tenochtitlàn. The poet King Nezahualcóyotl, on his return to Texcoco to be crowned as legitimate King, stopped in the dominion of Chimalhuacán, decreeing here an amnesty for all the peoples who, being his allies, fought against him in favor of the Tepanecas.
Already in the Chimalhuacán colony it was organized as a republic of Indians according to the laws of the Indians dictated by the Spanish colony. When the independence of Mexico was consummated and the first political division of our state was formulated, Chimalhuacán became part of the political, income and judicial district of Chalco. In 1825 as a justice of the peace, it became part of the political, income and judicial district of Texcoco, becoming a municipality in 1842.