Landslides (Types)
Introduction
A slide is a type of landslide or movement in the earth's mass, caused by the instability of a slope.[1].
It occurs when a large mass of land becomes an unstable zone and slides with respect to a stable zone, across a surface or strip of land of small thickness. Slips occur when the maximum tangential stress is reached at all points in the strip.
These types of instabilities are avoidable by technical means. However, the other types of colors (sludge flow, liquefaction and crawling) are more difficult to avoid.
An example of a mass landslide occurred at the Vajont dam in northeastern Italy in 1963 and caused the death of about 2,000 people, when hundreds of millions of m³ of earth, trees and rocks fell into the dam, causing a gigantic wave that devastated several towns in the basin, especially Longarone.[1].
Landslides are also caused by rain that moistens and soaks the soil, or also due to an earthquake of a certain intensity. Snow avalanches can also cause, when they reach a lower snow-free area, a landslide due to the steep slope. In extreme cases, when it is caused by a volcanic eruption, a lahar is formed.[2].
References
- [1] ↑ a b Investigation and Monitoring, Landslides (19 de noviembre de 2020), «Remote Sensing Approaches and Related Techniques to Map and Study Landslides», en Ray, Ram, ed., Landslides - Investigation and Monitoring (en inglés), IntechOpen, ISBN 978-1-78985-824-2 .
- [2] ↑ Investigation and Monitoring, Landslides (19 de noviembre de 2020), «Modeling Antecedent Soil Moisture to Constrain Rainfall Thresholds for Shallow Landslides Occurrence», en Ray, Ram, ed., Landslides - Investigation and Monitoring (en inglés), IntechOpen, ISBN 978-1-78985-824-2 .