H.323

Defined in 1996 by the ITU (International Telecommunications Union), it provides various manufacturers with a series of standards so that they can evolve together.

Due to its structure, the standard provides the following advantages:

Login protocol

The "session initiation protocol" (Session Initiation Protocol, 'SIP') is a recent protocol that is widely used today.

VoIP is not a service, it is a technology

In many countries around the world, IP has generated multiple disagreements between the territorial and legal aspects of this technology. It is clear and should be clear that VoIP technology is not a service as such, but rather a technology that uses the Internet Protocol (IP) through which data packets or datagrams are highly efficiently compressed and decompressed, to allow communication between two or more clients through a network such as the Internet. With this technology, Telephony or Videoconferencing services, among others, can be provided.

"Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) should be understood as a technology and not a service. This technology facilitates the conversion of analog voice signals into digital data packets and their transmission over Internet Protocol (IP)-based networks. Many communication services – such as Skype, Zoom or corporate VoIP systems – operate using this technology, making VoIP the fundamental infrastructure, rather than a service intended directly for the end user." [4]​.

We should not confuse VoIP (Voice over IP) with VoLTE (Voice over LTE).[3]​ Even in fourth generation (4G) mobile telephone networks, not all of them use VoLTE, since in many cases, 4G is used for data, but when making a call, the voice channel uses the 3.5G technology methodology known as VoLGA. In the image that follows, you can see this method of operation.

Voice over IP is the technology that allows sending and receiving "information packets" that contain voice whose origin was analog, but that has gone through the process of: Sampling - Quantification and Coding, in such a way that it has been "digitized" to be treated like any other packet, with the exception that "VoIP" can make use of the 6 bits of the IP header called "Differentiated Services", all of this without being able to offer a guarantee of delivery and reception when it transits outside of its own network.

In the case of VoLTE, the Telephony Operator is responsible for organizing the entire service, devices, platforms and networks so that it guarantees from end to end the values ​​of Differentiated Services that are established according to 3GPP.

VoIP can facilitate tasks that would be more difficult to perform using regular telephone networks:.

VoIP users can travel anywhere in the world and still make and receive calls as follows:.

The main advantage of this type of service is that it avoids the high telephone charges (mainly long distance) that are common from public switched telephone network (PSTN) companies.

The development of codecs for VoIP (aLaw, G.729, G.723, etc.) has allowed voice to be encoded into increasingly smaller data packets. This means that voice over IP communications require very low bandwidth. Along with the permanent advancement of ADSL connections in the residential market, this type of communications is becoming very popular for international calls.

There are two types of PSTN to VoIP service:

Voice over IP is making international communications cheaper and therefore improving communication between suppliers and clients, or between delegations of the same group.

Likewise, voice over IP is being integrated, through specific applications, into web portals. As well as applications compatible with Android and iPhone. In this way, users can establish that a specific company calls them at a specific time, which will normally be done through an IP voice operator.

The growing bandwidth worldwide, and the optimization of layer 2 and 3 equipment to guarantee the QoS (Quality of Service) of voice services in real time makes the future of voice over IP very promising.

In the United States, voice over IP providers such as Vonage achieved a significant market share. In Spain, thanks to flat voice rates, conventional operators managed to avoid the massive landing of these operators. However, the expansion of this technology is coming from system developers such as Cisco and Avaya that integrate data and voice networks into their platforms. Other PBX manufacturers such as innovaphone, ShoreTel, Panasonic, Alcatel-Lucent, Nortel Networks, Matra, Samsung and LG also develop corporate voice over IP solutions in their private telecommunications equipment.

For international corporations that can count on cutting-edge systems and optimal bandwidth, VoIP exchanges (IPPBX) have become very convenient equipment. But small and medium-sized companies must evaluate certain issues: This technology operates with operating systems (Windows/Linux) that present certain stability problems. Furthermore, the IP network was not designed to provide guarantees. In addition, some suppliers, to reduce costs, offer exchanges assembled on a computer or PC, which face other types of problems, such as failures in their components (Hard Drives, Fans and Power Supplies). The change of traditional telephone devices must also be anticipated, since this technology works with special telephones (IP or SIP) unless special equipment is incorporated.

The good news is that all the extra functions that IP PBXs can provide you can be obtained with your traditional PBXs, you only have to connect certain modules that incorporate VoIP technology to your needs. We all know that the transmission quality of traditional exchanges is still superior. In reality, we are already accustomed to the reliability and easy configuration of traditional equipment, which uses very simple programming languages.

H.323

Defined in 1996 by the ITU (International Telecommunications Union), it provides various manufacturers with a series of standards so that they can evolve together.

Due to its structure, the standard provides the following advantages:

Login protocol

The "session initiation protocol" (Session Initiation Protocol, 'SIP') is a recent protocol that is widely used today.

VoIP is not a service, it is a technology

In many countries around the world, IP has generated multiple disagreements between the territorial and legal aspects of this technology. It is clear and should be clear that VoIP technology is not a service as such, but rather a technology that uses the Internet Protocol (IP) through which data packets or datagrams are highly efficiently compressed and decompressed, to allow communication between two or more clients through a network such as the Internet. With this technology, Telephony or Videoconferencing services, among others, can be provided.

"Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) should be understood as a technology and not a service. This technology facilitates the conversion of analog voice signals into digital data packets and their transmission over Internet Protocol (IP)-based networks. Many communication services – such as Skype, Zoom or corporate VoIP systems – operate using this technology, making VoIP the fundamental infrastructure, rather than a service intended directly for the end user." [4]​.

We should not confuse VoIP (Voice over IP) with VoLTE (Voice over LTE).[3]​ Even in fourth generation (4G) mobile telephone networks, not all of them use VoLTE, since in many cases, 4G is used for data, but when making a call, the voice channel uses the 3.5G technology methodology known as VoLGA. In the image that follows, you can see this method of operation.

Voice over IP is the technology that allows sending and receiving "information packets" that contain voice whose origin was analog, but that has gone through the process of: Sampling - Quantification and Coding, in such a way that it has been "digitized" to be treated like any other packet, with the exception that "VoIP" can make use of the 6 bits of the IP header called "Differentiated Services", all of this without being able to offer a guarantee of delivery and reception when it transits outside of its own network.

In the case of VoLTE, the Telephony Operator is responsible for organizing the entire service, devices, platforms and networks so that it guarantees from end to end the values ​​of Differentiated Services that are established according to 3GPP.

VoIP can facilitate tasks that would be more difficult to perform using regular telephone networks:.

VoIP users can travel anywhere in the world and still make and receive calls as follows:.

The main advantage of this type of service is that it avoids the high telephone charges (mainly long distance) that are common from public switched telephone network (PSTN) companies.

The development of codecs for VoIP (aLaw, G.729, G.723, etc.) has allowed voice to be encoded into increasingly smaller data packets. This means that voice over IP communications require very low bandwidth. Along with the permanent advancement of ADSL connections in the residential market, this type of communications is becoming very popular for international calls.

There are two types of PSTN to VoIP service:

Voice over IP is making international communications cheaper and therefore improving communication between suppliers and clients, or between delegations of the same group.

Likewise, voice over IP is being integrated, through specific applications, into web portals. As well as applications compatible with Android and iPhone. In this way, users can establish that a specific company calls them at a specific time, which will normally be done through an IP voice operator.

The growing bandwidth worldwide, and the optimization of layer 2 and 3 equipment to guarantee the QoS (Quality of Service) of voice services in real time makes the future of voice over IP very promising.

In the United States, voice over IP providers such as Vonage achieved a significant market share. In Spain, thanks to flat voice rates, conventional operators managed to avoid the massive landing of these operators. However, the expansion of this technology is coming from system developers such as Cisco and Avaya that integrate data and voice networks into their platforms. Other PBX manufacturers such as innovaphone, ShoreTel, Panasonic, Alcatel-Lucent, Nortel Networks, Matra, Samsung and LG also develop corporate voice over IP solutions in their private telecommunications equipment.

For international corporations that can count on cutting-edge systems and optimal bandwidth, VoIP exchanges (IPPBX) have become very convenient equipment. But small and medium-sized companies must evaluate certain issues: This technology operates with operating systems (Windows/Linux) that present certain stability problems. Furthermore, the IP network was not designed to provide guarantees. In addition, some suppliers, to reduce costs, offer exchanges assembled on a computer or PC, which face other types of problems, such as failures in their components (Hard Drives, Fans and Power Supplies). The change of traditional telephone devices must also be anticipated, since this technology works with special telephones (IP or SIP) unless special equipment is incorporated.

The good news is that all the extra functions that IP PBXs can provide you can be obtained with your traditional PBXs, you only have to connect certain modules that incorporate VoIP technology to your needs. We all know that the transmission quality of traditional exchanges is still superior. In reality, we are already accustomed to the reliability and easy configuration of traditional equipment, which uses very simple programming languages.