International benchmarking
Introduction
benchmarking consists of taking "emulate" or benchmarks to those products, services "Service (economy)") and work processes that belong to organizations that demonstrate good practices in the area of interest, with the purpose of transferring knowledge of good practices and their application. According to Casadesús (2005), "it is a technique to search for good practices that can be found outside or sometimes within the company, in relation to methods, processes of any type, products or services, always aimed at continuous improvement and fundamentally oriented towards clients (customer (economy)").
Definitions
In economics, it takes its meaning for Regulation: benchmarking is a tool intended to achieve competitive (efficient) behavior in the supply of monopolistic markets that consists of comparing the performance of companies, through metrics by variables, indicators and coefficients. In practice, various incentive mechanisms for efficient behavior are used, such as the results of comparisons (no one wants to be the worst) or with the use of mechanisms that transform these comparative results into rewards or punishments on the entrepreneur's income.
Benchmarking is "a continuous and systematic measurement process, which continuously measures and compares the business processes of an organization against the processes of the leaders (as long as there is compatibility between the companies that carry out said study) to obtain information that helps the organization to develop actions that improve its presentation. Another important definition can be: the "industrial research process that allows managers to develop comparisons between companies on processes and practices that allow identifying the best of the best and thereby obtaining a level of superiority and competitive advantage." So, we can summarize what it is. the search for good industry practices that lead to excellent performance.”[1].
Origin of the term
In English, benchmark comes from the words bench ("bench", "table") and mark ("mark", "signal"). In the original meaning of English the word is compound; However, it could be translated as a quality measure. The use of the term would come from 19th century England, when surveyors made a cut or mark in a stone or wall to measure the height or level of an area of land. The cut served to secure a support called , on which the measuring instrument was then rested; Consequently, all subsequent measurements were made based on the position and height of said mark.