Influence area
Introduction
The area of environmental influence is the geographical space over which mining activities and projects exert some type of impact on the flora, fauna, water, air, populations, landscapes, archaeological heritage, etc.[1] It must be included in the environmental impact study.[1].
The importance of its delimitation is due to its referential role, given that the alteration of an environmental factor can only be understood in relative terms, that is, of the space that is affected compared to the existing totality.[2].
This area should take into account the hydrographic basins, hydrogeological provinces, aquifer systems, coastal environmental units, ecosystems, landscape units, territorial units, protected areas, concessions, conservation areas identified within the environmental study.[2][3].
In Peru, according to Supreme Decree N°040-2014-EM Regulation of Environmental Protection and Management for Mining Exploitation, Beneficiation, General Work, Transportation and Storage Activities, the following terms are defined:[1].
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- Area of Direct Influence: It includes the spaces located by the components and the areas directly affected during the life cycle of the mining activity. At the same time, it includes the area of direct environmental and social influence.
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- Area of Indirect Influence: It includes spaces located outside the area of direct influence and is established based on the indirect environmental impacts of the project components throughout its life cycle.
This area can only be modified at the request of the holder of the environmental management instrument") or the supervisory authority through a resolution that orders the modification of the study.[4]In addition, based on the potential impacts of the project identified in this area, the main measures of the Environmental Management Plan are designed.[5].
Delimitation of the area of influence
Contenido
En Colombia se cuenta con un marco metodológico donde se debe tomar en cuenta:.[3].