Manufacturing is the most basic form of industry; the word means "to make by hand"

but in economics it means transforming raw materials into a product of specific utility. Almost everything we use is a fruit of this process, and almost everything that is manufactured is made in large factories. Artisans also make goods, either alone or in small groups.

There are goods that need to be manufactured in several stages, for example automobiles, which are built with parts that have been made in other countries, usually in and from other countries.

Or it is made up of companies from very small ones (tortillerias, bakeries and mills, among others) to large conglomerates (car manufacturers, soft drink bottlers, food packers, pharmaceutical laboratories and toy factories).

Contenido

La industria se puede clasificar según la cantidad de bienes que usan para transformar los productos y según el tipo de resultado final.

La industria pesada está pensada para permitir funcionar otras industrias, puesto que se encarga de producir los materiales de base. Así, la minería, la industria siderúrgica o la petroquímica ayudan que las materias primas (como el petróleo), sean accesibles para las fábricas (por ejemplo produciendo plástico).

La industria de bienes de equipo ayuda igualmente a otras industrias, pero haciendo máquinas y transportes para las mercancías. Dentro de este grupo se engloban las infraestructuras (como ferrocarril o el sector aeronáutico), las empresas de materiales de construcción o del automóvil, entre otros.

Finalmente la llamada industria ligera, que requiere menos inversión de materias primeras y energía, produce bienes destinados al mercado general. En esta clasificación se incluyen las industrias de alimentación, textil, informáticas, amuebles"), etc. El tipo de producto final hace que se agrupen de una manera u otra.

By classes

Some of the main industrial sectors are:.

This industry also integrates the agricultural industry, that is, poultry, beekeeping, wine, oil and dairy.

By consumers

Industries can be classified in different ways, referring to different parameters. In this case, we have classified the types of industries according to the consumers of the product "Product (marketing)") that they manufacture. If we follow this type of classification, we obtain the following industries:

Base industries take raw materials and manipulate them until they are transformed into semi-finished products. Afterwards, this industry will sell its products to industries that transform these semi-finished products into final products. In this group, metal and chemical weighing industries stand out. Example: refineries (chemical weighing). These industries also include the extractive industry, such as mining, fishing, sugar and coal.

The capital goods industries work with these semi-finished products, transforming them into final products, which are normally destined for another industry, because they are goods that complement other goods, although they can also be destined directly to the consumer, if it is a customer who wants a specific part of a vehicle for example, but does not want the entire vehicle. Here we can find metal industries that manufacture machines and transport equipment.

They use different types of semi-finished products and other resources that are normally not large, to produce goods that go directly to the consumption of the population or to trade with other countries through transportation. It is the type of industry that we know best, because there are more of them, such as food industries, perfumery... These industries are normally located near urban areas or where there is more population, because that is where there are markets and their consumers.

Different industries:

Manufacturing Economics

Emerging technologies have provided new growth in advanced manufacturing employment opportunities in the US manufacturing belt. The manufacturing industry provides important material support for national infrastructure and for national defense.

On the other hand, most manufacturing can involve significant social and environmental costs. The costs of cleaning up hazardous waste, for example, can exceed the benefits of a product that generates it. Hazardous materials can expose workers to health risks. These costs are now well known and efforts are being made to address them by improving efficiency, reducing waste, using 'industrial symbiosis' and eliminating harmful chemicals.

The negative costs of manufacturing can also be addressed legally. Developed countries regulate manufacturing activity with labor laws and environmental policy|environmental laws. Around the world, manufacturers may be subject to pollution regulations and taxes to offset the environmental costs of manufacturing activities. Trade unions and craft guilds have played a historic role in negotiating workers' rights and wages. Environmental laws and labor protections that are available in developed nations may not be available in the third world. Tort law and product liability) impose additional costs on manufacturing. These are significant dynamics in the ongoing process, which has occurred in recent decades, of offshoring of manufacturing industries to "developing world" economies, where production costs are significantly lower than in "developed world" economies.

Security

The manufacturing industry presents unique health and safety challenges and has been recognized by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) as a priority industry sector in the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) to identify and provide intervention strategies related to workplace health and safety issues.[5][6]​.

Industrial heritage, according to the TICCIH (The International Committee For The Conservation Of The Industrial Heritage), is made up of the remains of industrial culture that have historical, technological, social, architectural or scientific value. These remains consist of buildings and machinery, workshops, mills and factories, mines and places for processing and refining, warehouses and deposits, places where energy is generated, transmitted and used, means of transport and all its infrastructure, as well as places where social activities related to the industry take place, such as housing, religious worship or education.[7]​.

The industrial heritage, therefore, covers not only the buildings (factories, workshops, mills...), architectural structures and production machinery (ships, chimneys, locomotives...), but also the transportation and communication routes through which the raw materials arrived and the products were marketed (bridges, railways, stations,...), the residences, associative centers (athenaeums,...) and welfare centers for the workers (hospitals, sanatoriums...), public services (markets, schools,...) and, ultimately, the landscapes themselves modified by extractive and industrial activity.

These are the top 50 countries by total value of manufacturing production in US dollars for their recorded year according to the World Bank:[8]​.

Manufacturing is the most basic form of industry; the word means "to make by hand"

but in economics it means transforming raw materials into a product of specific utility. Almost everything we use is a fruit of this process, and almost everything that is manufactured is made in large factories. Artisans also make goods, either alone or in small groups.

There are goods that need to be manufactured in several stages, for example automobiles, which are built with parts that have been made in other countries, usually in and from other countries.

Or it is made up of companies from very small ones (tortillerias, bakeries and mills, among others) to large conglomerates (car manufacturers, soft drink bottlers, food packers, pharmaceutical laboratories and toy factories).

Contenido

La industria se puede clasificar según la cantidad de bienes que usan para transformar los productos y según el tipo de resultado final.

La industria pesada está pensada para permitir funcionar otras industrias, puesto que se encarga de producir los materiales de base. Así, la minería, la industria siderúrgica o la petroquímica ayudan que las materias primas (como el petróleo), sean accesibles para las fábricas (por ejemplo produciendo plástico).

La industria de bienes de equipo ayuda igualmente a otras industrias, pero haciendo máquinas y transportes para las mercancías. Dentro de este grupo se engloban las infraestructuras (como ferrocarril o el sector aeronáutico), las empresas de materiales de construcción o del automóvil, entre otros.

Finalmente la llamada industria ligera, que requiere menos inversión de materias primeras y energía, produce bienes destinados al mercado general. En esta clasificación se incluyen las industrias de alimentación, textil, informáticas, amuebles"), etc. El tipo de producto final hace que se agrupen de una manera u otra.

By classes

Some of the main industrial sectors are:.

This industry also integrates the agricultural industry, that is, poultry, beekeeping, wine, oil and dairy.

By consumers

Industries can be classified in different ways, referring to different parameters. In this case, we have classified the types of industries according to the consumers of the product "Product (marketing)") that they manufacture. If we follow this type of classification, we obtain the following industries:

Base industries take raw materials and manipulate them until they are transformed into semi-finished products. Afterwards, this industry will sell its products to industries that transform these semi-finished products into final products. In this group, metal and chemical weighing industries stand out. Example: refineries (chemical weighing). These industries also include the extractive industry, such as mining, fishing, sugar and coal.

The capital goods industries work with these semi-finished products, transforming them into final products, which are normally destined for another industry, because they are goods that complement other goods, although they can also be destined directly to the consumer, if it is a customer who wants a specific part of a vehicle for example, but does not want the entire vehicle. Here we can find metal industries that manufacture machines and transport equipment.

They use different types of semi-finished products and other resources that are normally not large, to produce goods that go directly to the consumption of the population or to trade with other countries through transportation. It is the type of industry that we know best, because there are more of them, such as food industries, perfumery... These industries are normally located near urban areas or where there is more population, because that is where there are markets and their consumers.

Different industries:

Manufacturing Economics

Emerging technologies have provided new growth in advanced manufacturing employment opportunities in the US manufacturing belt. The manufacturing industry provides important material support for national infrastructure and for national defense.

On the other hand, most manufacturing can involve significant social and environmental costs. The costs of cleaning up hazardous waste, for example, can exceed the benefits of a product that generates it. Hazardous materials can expose workers to health risks. These costs are now well known and efforts are being made to address them by improving efficiency, reducing waste, using 'industrial symbiosis' and eliminating harmful chemicals.

The negative costs of manufacturing can also be addressed legally. Developed countries regulate manufacturing activity with labor laws and environmental policy|environmental laws. Around the world, manufacturers may be subject to pollution regulations and taxes to offset the environmental costs of manufacturing activities. Trade unions and craft guilds have played a historic role in negotiating workers' rights and wages. Environmental laws and labor protections that are available in developed nations may not be available in the third world. Tort law and product liability) impose additional costs on manufacturing. These are significant dynamics in the ongoing process, which has occurred in recent decades, of offshoring of manufacturing industries to "developing world" economies, where production costs are significantly lower than in "developed world" economies.

Security

The manufacturing industry presents unique health and safety challenges and has been recognized by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) as a priority industry sector in the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) to identify and provide intervention strategies related to workplace health and safety issues.[5][6]​.

Industrial heritage, according to the TICCIH (The International Committee For The Conservation Of The Industrial Heritage), is made up of the remains of industrial culture that have historical, technological, social, architectural or scientific value. These remains consist of buildings and machinery, workshops, mills and factories, mines and places for processing and refining, warehouses and deposits, places where energy is generated, transmitted and used, means of transport and all its infrastructure, as well as places where social activities related to the industry take place, such as housing, religious worship or education.[7]​.

The industrial heritage, therefore, covers not only the buildings (factories, workshops, mills...), architectural structures and production machinery (ships, chimneys, locomotives...), but also the transportation and communication routes through which the raw materials arrived and the products were marketed (bridges, railways, stations,...), the residences, associative centers (athenaeums,...) and welfare centers for the workers (hospitals, sanatoriums...), public services (markets, schools,...) and, ultimately, the landscapes themselves modified by extractive and industrial activity.

These are the top 50 countries by total value of manufacturing production in US dollars for their recorded year according to the World Bank:[8]​.