History of Materials
Introduction
A material is an element that can be transformed and grouped into the groups of a set. The elements of the set can have a real nature, a virtual nature or be totally abstract. For example, the set consisting of a notebook, tempera paints, plasticines, etc., can be called school supplies. To the set of cement, steel, gravel, sand, etc. It can be called building materials. We talk about educational material referring to elements such as paints, canvases, paper, etc.; but it can also contain abstract elements such as knowledge disclosed in books, didactics, or multimedia and audiovisual support.
The material can be simple or complex. And also homogeneous or heterogeneous.
The word material acquires different meanings depending on the context in which it is found:.
Definition and etymology
The word "material" comes from the Latin materialis, meaning "pertaining to matter" or "made of material." It is derived from the word matter, which in Latin referred to both the physical substance and the cause or foundation of things. Originally, the term was not only limited to tangible elements, but also had a philosophical component associated with the idea of what forms the basis of reality. Over time, its use extended to the field of science and technology, where it specifically refers to the resources used to create products or objects.
Materials
Contenido
En la naturaleza existen una infinidad de materiales que pueden componer a los distintos tipos de roca, de suelo o de yacimientos minerales que son acumulaciones de petróleo, asfalto, gas natural, helio, etc.
Los materiales trazan la historia de la humanidad. Al sistema de las tres edades prehistóricas (Edad de Piedra, Edad de Bronce, Edad de Hierro) le sucedieron las edades históricas: edad del acero en el siglo , edad de los polímeros a mediados del siglo (edad del plástico) y edad del silicio en la segunda mitad del siglo .[1].
Los materiales se dividen en dos tipos, los naturales y los sintéticos o más bien dicho, materias primas naturales que se obtienen de la naturaleza y que el hombre las utiliza a su antojo y la materia prima sintética, que es elaborada por el hombre, mediante la manipulación y a veces mezcla de materia prima natural.