The Palace of Justice of Lyon (in French, Palais de Justice Historique de Lyon), whose interior decoration is listed as Monument Historique,[1]​ is a building located on the quai Romain-Rolland") (right bank of the Saône), in the 5th arrondissement of Lyon, France, in the heart of Vieux Lyon. Due to the columns on the building's façade, the palace is sometimes called the "Palace of the Twenty-Four Columns" ("Palais des vingt-quatre colonnes" / "Le Palais de Justice des 24 Colonnes").[2]

It houses the Rhône Criminal Court "Rhône (department)"), the services of the Court of Appeal of Lyon and the interregional judicial administrative service of the Centre-East.

After the annexation of Lyon to France"), the royal power installed a senescalation in the "Maison de Roanne",[3]​ located in the center of the city, which became a house of justice from the century onwards. After the fire of this building in 1622, a first courthouse was built, the "Palais de Roanne" which collapsed at the end of the century.[4]​.

After a reform of the judicial system, the first phase of the palace reconstruction project began in 1828 with the acquisition of the land and the election of the architect Louis-Pierre Baltard, who won the architectural competition that was called for the design of the building. The second phase, construction work on the palace, began in 1835, and was completed in 1847.[2] It is one of the most important neoclassical buildings in France. The bas-reliefs represent The City of Lyon is home to Arts, Industry and Agriculture (La Ville de Lyon accueille les Arts, l'Industrie et l'Agriculture) and were made in 1847 by the sculptor Jean-François Legendre-Héral").

In 1995, the construction of a new courthouse in the Part-Dieu district made it possible to move the court of appeal and the commercial court from Lyon. The Lyon Court of Appeal and the Rhône Criminal Court were installed in what is now called the “historic” Palace of Justice.

In 2008, a thorough renovation of the building began, which has improved the working conditions of the magistrates, the people, as well as public access, making the building accessible to people with reduced mobility. The building's security has also been reviewed and reinforced. The works were completed in May 2012 at a cost of 44.85 million euros, financed by the French Ministry of Justice and 4.8 million euros financed by the Rhône Council "Rhône (department)"). Lyon.[7]​.