Historic bridge engineer
Introduction
John Augustus Roebling (Mühlhausen, June 12, 1806 - Brooklyn, New York, July 22, 1869) was an American civil engineer of German origin, a pioneer in the design and construction of suspension bridges, including the Brooklyn Bridge in New York.[1].
Biography
Son of Christoph Polykarpus Röbling (written in his German spelling), modest owner of a tobacco shop, Roebling received his early education in the gymnasium of his hometown, Mülhausen, giving early signs of his talent for mathematics and science. Thanks to the interest of his mother (Friederike Theresa Röbling), he received classes in Erfurt, and in 1824 he began his studies in architecture and engineering in Berlin, receiving a complete multidisciplinary training that included languages and philosophy, attending the lectures of the philosopher Hegel. Years later, his diverse interests were captured in a thousand-page treatise about his own ideas about the universe.[2].
In 1829, after a four-year contract dedicated to the construction of military roads in Westphalia, he was preparing his final thesis to qualify as an engineer, but he never submitted it.[3].
Driven by the hardship caused in Prussia by the Napoleonic Wars, he arrived in the United States in 1831, accompanied by his brother Carl and the technological utopian Johann Adolphus Etzler, from whom they would soon separate, after undertaking a German settlement in Butler County (Pennsylvania) called Saxonburg, where the house of Roebling.[4][5].
After five years unsatisfactorily dedicated to farming, he married Johanna Herting, daughter of a tailor "Tailor (trade)"). With the birth of his first child and the death of his brother, Roebling became interested in engineering again, coinciding with the growing boom in transportation infrastructure construction in the United States, working on canal improvements and railroad works.
Already in 1840, he contacted engineer Charles Ellet, Jr.), offering his collaboration in the design of a suspension bridge near Philadelphia.[6].
Aware of the problems with hemp ropes for barge towing (due to his previous work on the Philadelphia canals), and with the idea of replacing them with a more durable material, Roebling began manufacturing steel cable on his farm in Saxonburg in 1841.
Starting in 1844, he won several contracts for the construction of hanging structures (a bridge and an aqueduct in Pittsburgh, and four other aqueducts in Delaware), and moved his wire factory to Trenton (New Jersey), transforming it into a large industrial facility.