Hip Roof
Introduction
A hip roof[1] or hip roof, is a type of roof (construction) that has a slope for each façade wall, generally with a fairly gentle slope. Therefore, it lacks gables, that is, triangular sectors of the walls that separate slopes of the roof, typical of gable roofs.
Construction
Hip roofs are more difficult to construct than gable roofs, requiring more complex support trusses, although they can adapt to a wide variety of plan shapes. Each ridge coincides with the longest axis of symmetry of the building rectangle below it. They are formed by the intersection of the different planes that rise from the fascia, configuring faces with a triangular or trapezoidal shape or the result of adding or subtracting them from each other.
The main roof beams of the building that rise from the fascia to the ridge are called pairs[3] (or pairs); while the beams that connect the fascia with the intersection lines of two slopes (lines called valleys[4] when the two planes form a concavity, and hips[5] otherwise) are called rafters.[6] Both the pairs and rafters can be truncated, depending on how they are arranged with respect to the hips and valleys.
The inclination of the planes that form the slopes (its slope) can take on very different values, depending on the climate, aesthetic criteria, or the need to take advantage or not of the space located under the roof on the top floor.
Utilization
In modern family home architecture, hipped roofs are commonly seen on bungalows and chalets, and have been an integral part of styles such as the American Foursquare.[7] However, they have been used in many styles of architecture and in a wide range of structures.
Advantages and disadvantages
A hipped roof is self-reinforcing and requires less bracing" than a gable roof. Therefore, they are much more resistant to wind damage than gable roofs. They lack extreme vertical elements to oppose the wind, making them more stable than gable roofs. However, for areas where hurricanes occur, it is advisable for the roof to have a steep slope, at least 35 degrees from the The horizontal. This is because when the wind flows over a gently pitched hip roof, it can behave like the wing of an airplane. The flatter the roof, the more likely this is to happen. At more than 35 degrees, the roof tends to become attached to the building. the effect of wind pressure.