High resistance ceramic
Introduction
ceramics [1] is the art of making vessels[2] and other objects of clay or other ceramic material by the action of heat, that is, fired at a temperature greater than 900 degrees.[3] The result is a diverse variety of pieces or objects made of terracotta—or “coarse” pottery—, earthenware, and a set of porcelains. In addition to naming the technique and its activity, it also names the set of objects and production.[2].
Its initial use was the manufacture of containers used to contain food or drinks. Later it was used to model figurines of possible symbolic, magical, religious or funerary character. It was also used as a construction material in the form of brick, tile, tile or tile, forming walls or covering walls. The glazing technique increased its luxury appeal and architectural use. Starting in the 19th century, it was applied to industry as an electrical and thermal insulator in ovens, motors and shielding. Modern ceramics are applied to silicate industries (a group of minerals with the greatest abundance, as they constitute more than 95% of the Earth's crust) and as a complement to construction technologies associated with cement. It is also the basis of enamel techniques on metal.[4].
•It is worth clarifying that clay alone is not the same as ceramic paste. The clay is used as it is extracted, although it first goes through a straining process to eliminate impurities. On the other hand, ceramic paste is obtained from clay to which additives such as chemicals, silica, feldspar and even other types of clay are added (since there are various clays with different characteristics). This makes it more resistant and suitable for a first firing called sancocho, in addition to allowing the use of low or high temperature glazes for the second firing, that is, it is more resistant to heat. On the other hand, mud usually only passes through burning and is mainly used in a traditional way.[5].
Pottery and ceramics
Contenido
Existe cierta confusión, provocada desde el propio contexto de la investigación a partir del siglo , entre los conceptos alfarería y cerámica, llegando a generar un conflicto semántico (semántica lógica).[6] Las dos palabras se usan indistintamente para nombrar las actividades artesanales, artísticas e industriales a partir del barro cocido, así como el producto o los productos de las mismas y su cultura.[nota 1].