Contenido

Una instalación de calefacción por agua está integrada por tres sistemas:.

Cada uno de ellos da lugar a su vez, a diferentes sistemas, que combinados conforman la gran variedad de tipos de instalación que existen en calefacción.[5]​.

Generation systems

Generation systems originate based on the primary energy that they transform into heat:.

[6]​==== Chemical energy ====

Oxidation reaction (combustion) that takes place inside a boiler "Boiler (heating)"), different depending on the type of fuel.

Distribution systems

The heated fluid transports thermal energy from the generator to the emitters through pipes. The set of pipes with the accessories necessary to make transportation effective form the distribution system, which can be:

In Spain, until a few decades ago, all installations were twin-tubular, but there were several types depending on the appearance of the distribution network, many of which still persist.

Distribution by columns is disappearing in residential buildings, since it is prohibited by current regulations[8]​ because they make it impossible to distribute energy costs among users by the most economical and reliable means, a heat meter.

In any case, the current types of installation according to the distribution also multiply taking into account the diversity of materials and assembly systems for pipes; steel pipes, copper pipes, multilayer pipes, polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene (PEX), polypropylene, with mechanical union, polyfusion welded, etc..., each of them with a multitude of variants and all of great simplicity of assembly, which makes it currently more complicated to choose the appropriate system than to assemble it.

Emission systems

The emitter system is made up of the terminal elements that receive the transported heat and transmit it or exchange it with the ambient air.

Another classification of water heating systems can be considered, not, like the previous one, in terms of the elements or methods used in their operation, but rather the service they provide:

At present, it is mandatory that each user has a counting system that allows the proration of expenses among all users of the same plant.[9]​.

Cada uno de los tres sistemas que conforman toda instalación de calefacción, precisa de aparatos y sistemas auxiliares para garantizar la seguridad, el rendimiento y la consecución del fin principal para el que se realizó la instalación; el confort de los usuarios.

of the generation

Water generation systems must necessarily include a group of elements whose primary purpose is the safety of the whole:

In addition to all these elements, the necessary shut-off valves and precise measuring devices are installed to guarantee the control and maintenance of the installation with the minimum possible service outages.

From the distribution

With a view to energy savings, variable flow pumps can be installed depending on pressure or temperature, which allows pumping electrical consumption to be considerably reduced.

From the broadcast

The terminal elements are usually provided with all the accessories necessary for their operation except for their interconnection with the heating circuit, that is, the inlet and outlet valves. The most common are:

Regarding their connection, there are two types: straight and elbowed. In straight ones, the threads or coupling connections with the pipe are aligned longitudinally, in angled ones they form a ninety-degree angle.

All these valves exist in a thermostatic version, with automatic flow regulation. The knob constitutes what is known as a thermostatic head and houses a temperature sensor that, by expansion, pushes a stem that more or less opens the valve inlet.

Currently, the development of technology for the regulation and control of facilities has caused the appearance of a multitude of auxiliary systems, so many that they require a separate section.

Contenido

Una instalación de calefacción por agua está integrada por tres sistemas:.

Cada uno de ellos da lugar a su vez, a diferentes sistemas, que combinados conforman la gran variedad de tipos de instalación que existen en calefacción.[5]​.

Generation systems

Generation systems originate based on the primary energy that they transform into heat:.

[6]​==== Chemical energy ====

Oxidation reaction (combustion) that takes place inside a boiler "Boiler (heating)"), different depending on the type of fuel.

Distribution systems

The heated fluid transports thermal energy from the generator to the emitters through pipes. The set of pipes with the accessories necessary to make transportation effective form the distribution system, which can be:

In Spain, until a few decades ago, all installations were twin-tubular, but there were several types depending on the appearance of the distribution network, many of which still persist.

Distribution by columns is disappearing in residential buildings, since it is prohibited by current regulations[8]​ because they make it impossible to distribute energy costs among users by the most economical and reliable means, a heat meter.

In any case, the current types of installation according to the distribution also multiply taking into account the diversity of materials and assembly systems for pipes; steel pipes, copper pipes, multilayer pipes, polyethylene, cross-linked polyethylene (PEX), polypropylene, with mechanical union, polyfusion welded, etc..., each of them with a multitude of variants and all of great simplicity of assembly, which makes it currently more complicated to choose the appropriate system than to assemble it.

Emission systems

The emitter system is made up of the terminal elements that receive the transported heat and transmit it or exchange it with the ambient air.

Another classification of water heating systems can be considered, not, like the previous one, in terms of the elements or methods used in their operation, but rather the service they provide:

At present, it is mandatory that each user has a counting system that allows the proration of expenses among all users of the same plant.[9]​.

Cada uno de los tres sistemas que conforman toda instalación de calefacción, precisa de aparatos y sistemas auxiliares para garantizar la seguridad, el rendimiento y la consecución del fin principal para el que se realizó la instalación; el confort de los usuarios.

of the generation

Water generation systems must necessarily include a group of elements whose primary purpose is the safety of the whole:

In addition to all these elements, the necessary shut-off valves and precise measuring devices are installed to guarantee the control and maintenance of the installation with the minimum possible service outages.

From the distribution

With a view to energy savings, variable flow pumps can be installed depending on pressure or temperature, which allows pumping electrical consumption to be considerably reduced.

From the broadcast

The terminal elements are usually provided with all the accessories necessary for their operation except for their interconnection with the heating circuit, that is, the inlet and outlet valves. The most common are:

Regarding their connection, there are two types: straight and elbowed. In straight ones, the threads or coupling connections with the pipe are aligned longitudinally, in angled ones they form a ninety-degree angle.

All these valves exist in a thermostatic version, with automatic flow regulation. The knob constitutes what is known as a thermostatic head and houses a temperature sensor that, by expansion, pushes a stem that more or less opens the valve inlet.

Currently, the development of technology for the regulation and control of facilities has caused the appearance of a multitude of auxiliary systems, so many that they require a separate section.