Happold Bureau
Introduction
The Monument to the Murdered Jews of Europe (German: Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas), also known as Holocaust-Mahnmal or Holocaust Monument, is a monument in Berlin that commemorates the Jewish victims of the Holocaust. It is part of the development of the culture of remembrance by the German government, as a way of taking responsibility for the crimes left by the totalitarian regimes in the country.[1].
It was designed by the architect Peter Eisenman and the engineer Buro Happold. It is an inclined field of 19,000 square meters covered by a grid on which 2,711 stelae (monument) or concrete slabs are located. These slabs have dimensions of 2.38 m long and 0.95 m wide, and vary in height from 0.2 m to 4.8 m. According to Eisenman's project, the stelae are designed to produce an uncomfortable and confusing atmosphere, and the entire monument seeks to represent a supposedly ordered system that has lost contact with human reason.[2] However, in an official tourist brochure published in 2005 by the Monument Foundation, it is stated that the design represents a radical approach to the traditional concept of a funerary monument, in part because Eisenman does not use any type of symbolism. Information* contains the names of all known Jewish Holocaust victims, obtained from the Israeli museum Yad Vashem.
Construction of the monument began on April 1, 2003 and was completed on December 15, 2004. It was inaugurated on May 10, 2005 and opened to the public on May 12 of the same year. It is located one block south of the Brandenburg Gate, in the Berlin suburb of Friedrichstadt, and next to where the Reichspräsidentenpalais, the residence of Weimar-era presidents, once stood.
German journalist Lea Rosh") was the main promoter of the monument. In 1989, she founded a group to support its construction and to collect donations. With growing support, the Bundestag passed a resolution in favor of the project.
First contest
In April 1994, a competition for its design was launched through the most important German newspapers. Specifically, 12 artists were invited to submit a design and 50,000 DM (25,000 euros) were offered for it. The only rule that was pointed out was that the cost of the project could not exceed 15 million DM (7.5 million euros). The winning proposal would be selected by a jury made up of representatives from the fields of art, architecture, urban design, history, politics and administration. Minor celebrities such as Frank Schirrmacher"), co-editor of the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, also took part. The deadline for submitting proposals was October 28. An information colloquium was held in Berlin on May 11, during which those interested in proposing a design could receive more information about the nature of the monument they had to design. Ignatz Bubis"), the president of the Zentralrat der Juden in Deutschland"), and Wolfgang Nagel"), the Berlin construction senator, spoke during the event.[3].