Global city theory
Introduction
A global city (also called world city, alpha city or hub) is one that acts as a major player in the global economy. The concept comes from the study of urban geography, and is based on the theory that globalization gave rise to a hierarchy of strategic geographical locations, each with different levels of influence on the global economy, trade and culture. The complex links between these global cities directly and tangibly affect international socioeconomic affairs.
The term "global city" is attributed to the sociologist Saskia Sassen, author of the book The global city, published in 1991; refers to London, New York, Paris and Tokyo, in contrast to the term megacity.[1].
Numerous institutes, entities and publications classify global cities according to different criteria, whether economic, social, cultural or political (for example, the presence and growth of urbanization).
General characteristics
For some, London, New York, Paris and Tokyo have traditionally been considered the "big four" cities around the world not coincidentally, but they also serve as symbols of global capitalism. However, many people have their own personal lists, and it is likely that any of the lists will differ based on cultural background, values, and experience.
Classifications
Contenido
Desde comienzos del siglo se ha considerado a las ciudades de Londres, París y Nueva York como las Tres Grandes, es decir, las principales ciudades del mundo y que ejercían gran influencia a nivel global. Sin embargo, desde la segunda mitad del siglo este reducido grupo se ha visto aumentado con la inclusión de Tokio, Madrid, Shanghái, Hong Kong, Ciudad de México, Moscú, São Paulo, Pekín, Los Ángeles, además de varias otras ciudades del resto del mundo. La forma de calificar si una ciudad corresponde o no a este concepto de ciudad global ha sido muy discutida.