Gas Installations for Domestic Use
Introduction
The gas tank — called balloon, cylinder, cylinder, bottle, MAY, pipe or drum, depending on the country— is the usual distribution system for liquefied petroleum gas, composed of butane and propane. The proportion between the gases varies depending on the oil of origin, and is around 40% butane and 60% propane.
The fuel is in liquid form "Liquefaction (gases)") and evaporates "Evaporation (physical)") inside the tank as it is consumed, maintaining the gas outlet pressure through a regulating mechanism.
Caloric equivalence
A 10 kg butane tank (In Spain they are 12.5 kg) supplies approximately 4 m³ of gas. Given that the heating potential is 28,000 kcal/m³, (12.7 kWh/kg)[1] a tank contains 112,000 kcal.
This is approximately equivalent to:
Given that LPG has more than three times the heating potential of natural gas, it is necessary to adapt the burners by changing the nozzles to have a third of the flow.
Gas tank by country
Argentina
In Argentina, there are bottles of 0.750, 2, 3, 10, and 15 kg of butane gas; and 30 and 45 kg, only propane.
Chili
In Chile, gas cylinders called "balloon", "gallon" or "cylinder" are sold (except in the city of Talca, south of Santiago, the only city in Chile where they are called "cylinders")[3] of 5, 11, 15 and 45 kg of propane gas and catalytic propane gas, the 15 kg being the most popular due to its price/quantity ratio, with a national average price of $20,000 (about US$35) in 2021. Its price per kilocalorie is 0.55 times the price of natural gas and 0.55 times the price of electricity.
The delivery is carried out in trucks and it is traditionally announced by the rhythmic percussion of a metal object on the balls or a siren or car alarm.